抗花生过敏药物三期临床成功

2018-02-22 美中药源 美中药源

【新闻事件】:今天Aimmune的抗花生过敏药物AR101在一个叫做PALISADE的三期临床达到试验终点。这个试验招募499位4-17岁少年和55位成人,比较AR101和安慰剂对花生蛋白的耐受。结果67%的AR101组患者耐受600毫克花生蛋白(相当于两粒花生),而只有4%的安慰剂组患者耐受这个剂量的花生挑战。但是20%的用药组患者退出试验、其中12%是因为药物相关副作用,2.4%用药组患者发生

【新闻事件】:今天Aimmune的抗花生过敏药物AR101在一个叫做PALISADE的三期临床达到试验终点。这个试验招募499位4-17岁少年和55位成人,比较AR101和安慰剂对花生蛋白的耐受。结果67%的AR101组患者耐受600毫克花生蛋白(相当于两粒花生),而只有4%的安慰剂组患者耐受这个剂量的花生挑战。但是20%的用药组患者退出试验、其中12%是因为药物相关副作用,2.4%用药组患者发生严重副反应。受此消息影响AIMT股票反而下降6%。

【药源解析】:过敏是个非常常见疾病,不仅自身免疫疾病是现在最大的医药市场之一,季节性过敏药物也曾经是最赢利的药物之一。食物过敏在美国发生率也较高,每年估计有近万儿童因食物过敏住院。其中以花生过敏最为普遍,估计约有1%的人对花生过敏。有些机构号称美国每年有200人因食物过敏死亡,但CDC的官方数据要少很多(只有几例)。但因为花生只是食物一部分、非生存必需品,所以相对收益这样的风险也是很大的。因为花生过敏非常普遍,所以美国大部分食品、尤其儿童食品要标明是否含花生。但是对于严重过敏人群食物制作或食用器具如果沾有花生都可能造成严重后果。现在尚未预防药物,如果发生严重过敏反应,前年因为乱涨价而名噪一时的EpiPen是主要控制药物。

所以降低花生过敏市场是存在的,尤其是青少年。这也是为什么此前AR101在这个看似不是病的适应症获得FDA突破性药物地位。另一家开发此类药物的主要厂家是DBV,其花生贴剂Viaskin最近在三期临床错过一级终点(95%置信区间的底限低于15%,AR101的底限为50%),但应答率显着高于对照组。AnaptysBio 的IL33抗体ANB020 稍落后一些,这个季度将有二期数据产生。Viaskin也在申请上市,但因为错误一级终点所以能否被批还存疑。但是Viaskin是贴剂,对于儿童患者来说比每日口服的AR101使用更方便。Viaskin安全性也更好,三期临床只有10%退出率。所以如果两个药物都上市竞争AR101未必占优,这可能是今天AIMT反而股票下滑的原因。

有些业界人士质疑这两个产品没有把对病人更重要的严重过敏造成的EpiPen使用或住院改善作为试验终点。今天AIMT说用药组只有9人使用EpiPen,而50%的安慰剂组患者使用了EpiPen,这是一个非常显着的改善。使用AR101前患者的敏感剂量是1/30粒花生,用药后增加到约3粒。虽然患者还不能把老醋花生当主食,但是对于预防误食少量花生食物引起的过敏还是很有帮助的。

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    2018-02-28 135****7952平儿

    学了.....

    0

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    2018-02-22 忠诚向上

    努力学习.好好看下

    0

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