JAMA:非 ARDS 也需要小潮气量机械通气吗?

2018-12-12 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

有创通气,是 ICU 最常用的治疗策略,也是一种有害的干预措施。小潮气量肺保护性通气能够改善急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)的生存,但是目前尚不清楚非 ARDS 患者能否从小潮气量机械通气中获益。两项随机临床试验发现在非 ARDS 患者中,较低潮气量与较少的呼吸系统并发症有关,2项个体化患者数据的 meta 分析提示较低的潮气量

有创通气,是 ICU 最常用的治疗策略,也是一种有害的干预措施。小潮气量肺保护性通气能够改善急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)的生存,但是目前尚不清楚非 ARDS 患者能否从小潮气量机械通气中获益。两项随机临床试验发现在非 ARDS 患者中,较低潮气量与较少的呼吸系统并发症有关,2项个体化患者数据的 meta 分析提示较低的潮气量能够缩短呼吸机的使用时间,缩短入住 ICU 和住院时间。

然而,因为患者的呼吸频率较快或患者-呼吸机不同步等,小潮气量通气通常需要镇静,小潮气量还会因代偿性吸气作用而引起自发性肺损伤。另外,有报道提示小潮气量会增加谵妄的风险。

2018年11月在 JAMA 上公布了 PReVENT 试验结果,该随机试验目的是为了验乞非 ARDS 患者采用小潮气量机械通气策略优于中等潮气量机械通气策略。

该研究纳入的患者为非 ARDS 患者,且预期从通气开始的24h 内不能拔管。纳入的患者随机采用小潮气量(n = 477)或中等潮气量机械通气(n = 484)。主要终点为不需要呼吸机通气的天数和28天生存。

结果发现,在28天时,小潮气量组475例患者中的平均不需要呼吸机通气的天数为21天(IQR,0-26),中等潮气量组480例患者中的平均不需要呼吸机通气的天数为21天(IQR,0-26)[平均差异为 -0.27 (95%CI, –1.74 to 1.19);P = 0.71]。两组入住 ICU 时长、住院时间、28天和90天死亡率皆无显著性差异。两组不良事件也没有显著性差异,包括 ARDS、肺炎、严重肺不张和气胸。

最终作者认为对于 ICU 中预期24h 内不能拔管的非 ARDS 患者,与中等潮气量通气策略相比,小潮气量通气策略并未延长不需要呼吸机通气的天数。

原始出处:

Writing Group for the PReVENT Investigators.Effect of a Low vs Intermediate Tidal Volume Strategy on Ventilator-Free Days in Intensive Care Unit Patients Without ARDS: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA. 2018 Nov 13;320(18):1872-1880. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.14280.

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (3)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1693313, encodeId=6f0d16933137b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e16666e2984' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#潮气量#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66729, encryptionId=e16666e2984, topicName=潮气量)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7a6629383772, createdName=minlingfeng, createdTime=Sun Nov 17 19:08:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2040248, encodeId=4d0720402484d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cb0b1520365' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#RDS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15203, encryptionId=cb0b1520365, topicName=RDS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Wed Nov 27 19:08:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=355242, encodeId=c12735524218, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=82311653708, createdName=医者仁心5538, createdTime=Wed Dec 12 21:43:17 CST 2018, time=2018-12-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1693313, encodeId=6f0d16933137b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e16666e2984' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#潮气量#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66729, encryptionId=e16666e2984, topicName=潮气量)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7a6629383772, createdName=minlingfeng, createdTime=Sun Nov 17 19:08:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2040248, encodeId=4d0720402484d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cb0b1520365' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#RDS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15203, encryptionId=cb0b1520365, topicName=RDS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Wed Nov 27 19:08:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=355242, encodeId=c12735524218, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=82311653708, createdName=医者仁心5538, createdTime=Wed Dec 12 21:43:17 CST 2018, time=2018-12-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-11-27 drwjr
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1693313, encodeId=6f0d16933137b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e16666e2984' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#潮气量#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66729, encryptionId=e16666e2984, topicName=潮气量)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7a6629383772, createdName=minlingfeng, createdTime=Sun Nov 17 19:08:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2040248, encodeId=4d0720402484d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cb0b1520365' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#RDS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15203, encryptionId=cb0b1520365, topicName=RDS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Wed Nov 27 19:08:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=355242, encodeId=c12735524218, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=82311653708, createdName=医者仁心5538, createdTime=Wed Dec 12 21:43:17 CST 2018, time=2018-12-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-12-12 医者仁心5538

    学习了

    0