Ann Intern Med:美学者提出阿司匹林一级预防5条建议:>70岁者,若无心脑血管病,不建议吃阿司匹林

2018-11-29 xujing 中国循环杂志

对于一级预防,也就是没有心血管的人该不该吃阿司匹林,一直有争议。

对于已经患有血管病的人,包括冠心病、做过支架、得过心梗、脑梗死或下肢动脉疾病,需要长期服用阿司匹林。

但对于一级预防,也就是没有血管的人该不该吃阿司匹林,一直有争议。

近期,《内科学年鉴》一篇文章给出了阿司匹林一级预防的五条建议。

作者指出,对于没有心脑血管病的人,阿司匹林的利弊仍很难平衡,主要是增加肠道出血和脑出血的风险。医生应该考虑新的证据,比如ASPREE研究和ASEND研究。

作者建议医生考虑以下建议:

1 >70岁的老人,如果没有心脑血管病,不考虑使用阿司匹林。因为出血风险增加,获益不大。

2 中年人应计算心血管风险,以判断是否该用阿司匹林。

3 如果使用适当的治疗后,心血管风险仍较高(>1%/年),且出血风险没有增加,可以使用阿司匹林。

4 已经开始服用阿司匹林者,没有证据支持在70岁时停用阿司匹林,除非出血风险增加。

5  应该根据患者的价值和喜好,医生与患者共同决策。

作者总结指出,虽然关于阿司匹林的文章很多,而且许多患者服用阿司匹林时没有再三考虑,总净效益可能很小。然而,在戒烟、使用他汀类药物和血压控制后,应考虑使用阿司匹林治疗。

ASPREE纳入19114名≥70岁健康人,发现吃阿司匹林者与安慰剂相比心血管事件无差别,而发生大出血的风险增加(HR=1.38;95%CI,1.18-1.62),全因死亡率和癌症死亡率也增加。

ASCEND试验包括15480名年龄≥40岁糖尿病患者,并且没有心血管疾病。与安慰剂组相比,服用阿司匹林的患者心血管事件略有减少(rate ratio=0.88),主要出血风险略有增加(rate ratio=1.29)。研究人员没有观察到阿司匹林对癌症的影响。没有确凿的证据确定阿司匹林的使用与全因死亡率之间的关系。

原始出处:Pignone M, DeWalt DA. More Evidence to Help Guide Decision Making About Aspirin for Primary Prevention. Ann Intern Med. 2018 Nov 27. 

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    2019-08-27 周虎
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    2018-11-30 hb2008ye
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  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2018795, encodeId=b1642018e95a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d79e51e1967' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心脑血管病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51719, encryptionId=d79e51e1967, topicName=心脑血管病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=644e456, createdName=vera_1203, createdTime=Tue Aug 20 07:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1776217, encodeId=a84c1e76217cf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95d3e9930fe' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79930, encryptionId=95d3e9930fe, topicName=美学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a9de34, createdName=zhangpaul93, createdTime=Fri May 17 19:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1644714, encodeId=ca881644e140a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e3eb89e17fb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89717, encryptionId=e3eb89e17fb, topicName=血管病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=64bb23195917, createdName=Luyuxie_17, createdTime=Sat Jan 12 04:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2081067, encodeId=a1ea208106e15, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=846b20389cd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#不建议#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20389, encryptionId=846b20389cd, topicName=不建议)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c9d3459, createdName=周虎, createdTime=Tue Aug 27 00:39:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1609342, encodeId=f8561609342c4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=hb2008ye, createdTime=Fri Nov 30 15:39:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=354027, encodeId=303635402ec3, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6d551998554, createdName=1e1c07bdm01(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Nov 30 06:13:27 CST 2018, time=2018-11-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=353944, encodeId=56cb353944be, content=70岁以上获益很少了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Thu Nov 29 08:30:59 CST 2018, time=2018-11-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-11-29 lovetcm

    70岁以上获益很少了

    0

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