Science:焦虑有救了!科学家发现调节负面情绪的大脑受体

2019-11-14 佚名 生物探索

近日,一个国际科学家团队找到了大脑调节负面情绪的受体。这一发现或将为精神病药物的研发带来新的希望。

情绪低落、意志低迷、负能量爆棚,整个人都丧丧的。当你浑身散发着“我很焦虑”的信号时,大脑的化学平衡就已经被打破了。近日,一个国际科学家团队找到了大脑调节负面情绪的受体。这一发现或将为精神病药物的研发带来新的希望。该研究发表在《Science》杂志上。

负面情绪调节中心

在人脑中央内侧缰核(MHb)中有一个豌豆大小的受体。它就是兴奋性N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA),它能够控制甘氨酸等抑制性神经递质,在调节不良情绪方面起着至关重要的作用。虽然人们还未完全了解MHb的功能,但是有一点是肯定的,那就是该区域与负面情绪有关。



Yo Otsu博士

该研究的第一作者Yo Otsu博士表示:“我们都知道在成人的MHb中存在不同的亚基,不同亚基形成的NMDA受体可能具有不同的特征。” 通常情况下,人们认为NMDA受体需要两种不同的神经递质分子:谷氨酸和甘氨酸,这两种神经递质结合后会激活NMDA受体,产生抑郁的情绪。

令人震惊的是此次研究发现了一种新的受体,只需激活一种神经递质(甘氨酸)即可控制抑郁情绪。研究人员发现,非常规NMDA受体亚基GluN3A和GluN3B与甘氨酸的亚基GluN1结合时,可产生纯被甘氨酸激活的兴奋性电导。



研究发现GluN1/GluN3A受体在小鼠MHb神经元中起作用,在没有核苷酸的神经元表达中,胶质细胞通过GluN1/GluN3A受体调节神经元活动。

神经性药物新的靶点

目前市面上很多的精神病药物通常具有副作用,因为它们并不具有特异性和针对性,甚至对大脑产生影响。新的研究发现为创造更少副作用的靶向药物提供了可能。

这种新的受体能够影响大脑功能,研究发现这种罕见受体以及它在调节焦虑和负面情绪时所起的作用。这意味着它有可能成为调节情绪的特定药品的靶点,未来有40%的药物都将涉及到这一受体。

此外,这一发现可能还会对未来的药物治疗产生影响,因为在大脑的某个部位发现了导致疼痛的受体。研究人员表示:“我们将在柯林研究所开展研究,进一步了解这种新发现的受体作用,我们的最终目标是开发针对它的药物。这可能会促进心理健康和止痛药的发展。”

原始出处:

Y. Otsu1,E. Darcq,K. Pietrajtis, et al. Control of aversion by glycine-gated GluN1/GluN3A NMDA receptors in the adult medial habenula. Science  11 Oct 2019: Vol. 366, Issue 6462, pp. 250-254. DOI: 10.1126/science.aax1522.

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    2019-11-16 jichang
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    2019-11-15 14794e5bm67(暂无昵称)

    学习了,不错的话题,非常精彩,受益非浅

    0

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    2019-11-15 14794e5bm67(暂无昵称)

    学习了,不错的话题,非常精彩,受益非浅

    0

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    2019-11-14 明天jing

    焦虑是当年年轻人的共同问题,需要认真对待。

    0

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