J clin oncol:ASCO临床实践指南:Ⅲ期结肠癌含奥沙利铂辅助化疗,3个月 or 6个月?

2019-04-19 Jelly 肿瘤资讯

国际辅助化疗持续时间评估协作(IDEA)研究结果公布后,Ⅲ期结肠癌辅助化疗的格局风云突变,含奥沙利铂化疗的最佳时间到底是3个月还是6个月?美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)召集了专家小组,对完全切除的Ⅲ期结肠癌患者进行氟嘧啶和奥沙利铂辅助化疗的相关研究进行了系统回顾,并结合IDEA研究这一新证据,对复发风险高或低的Ⅲ期结肠癌患者化疗持续时间予以推荐。

国际辅助化疗持续时间评估协作(IDEA)研究结果公布后,Ⅲ期结肠癌辅助化疗的格局风云突变,含奥沙利铂化疗的最佳时间到底是3个月还是6个月?美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)召集了专家小组,对完全切除的Ⅲ期结肠癌患者进行氟嘧啶和奥沙利铂辅助化疗的相关研究进行了系统回顾,并结合IDEA研究这一新证据,对复发风险高或低的Ⅲ期结肠癌患者化疗持续时间予以推荐。

背景

Ⅲ期结肠癌患者的主要治疗选择是有疗效的切除术;然而,仅通过手术,复发率可高达50%~80%。对于复发风险高的患者,推荐辅助化疗以提高总体生存率。早期研究证实了单药化疗与单纯手术相比的益处。随后,MOSAIC等Ⅲ期随机研究结果显示,与氟尿嘧啶+亚叶酸钙比较,氟尿嘧啶+亚叶酸钙+奥沙利铂(FOLFOX4)可显着提高无病生存期(DFS)和总生存时间,基于此,以奥沙利铂为基础的联合化疗成为标准。含奥沙利铂化疗的标准治疗时间为6个月,这与既往研究所用的时间一致。奥沙利铂化疗的一个潜在副作用是外周感觉神经毒性,可能是严重的和/或永久性的,随着奥沙利铂剂量和疗程的增加,这种风险变得更大。以往一些单药治疗的分析表明,较短的治疗时间与较长的治疗时间具有相同的生存优势,同时降低了外周神经毒性的发生率。最近公布的IDEA研究数据,比较了以氟嘧啶和奥沙利铂为基础的化疗不同持续时间的DFS和不良事件发生率。该指南结合这一新的证据,为复发风险高或低的Ⅲ期结肠癌患者提供了化疗持续时间的建议。

推荐

对于接受含奥沙利铂化疗的Ⅲ期结肠癌切除患者:

推荐1:对于高危(T4和/或N2)Ⅲ期结肠癌切除患者,推荐含奥沙利铂辅助化疗6个月。(类型,循证;利大于弊;证据质量,中等;推荐强度,中等)。

推荐2:对于Ⅲ期结肠癌切除的低风险患者(T1、T2或T3和N1),在与患者讨论治疗方案相关的潜在获益和危害风险(表1)后,推荐含奥沙利铂辅助化疗,为期3个月或6个月。(类型,循证;利大于弊;证据质量,中等;推荐强度,中等)。

推荐3:考虑到患者的肿瘤特征、手术切除的完整性、检查的淋巴结数目、合并症、功能状态、体力状态、价值观、选择权、诊断年龄、预期寿命、长期治疗的潜在风险年数,包括讨论与治疗持续时间相关的潜在获益和危害风险,在Ⅲ期结肠癌切除患者的含奥沙利铂化疗时间应采用共同决策方法。(类型,基于共识;益处大于危害;推荐强度,强烈)。

证据基础

IDEA关键证据总结(n=12834):

使用预先设定的阈值,3个月与6个月的含奥沙利铂的化疗相比,不能证明无病生存率(DFS)的非劣效性,因此,尽管有可能减少不良事件,但该指南不推荐所有患者接受3个月的含奥沙利铂化疗。

双药化疗3个月与6个月相比,治疗后1个月的所有3~4级不良事件和3~4级外周神经毒性的相对风险显着降低。

基于复发风险探索性亚组分析:

在IDEA(T4和/或N2)定义的高风险组中,双药化疗6个月与3个月相比,DFS明显改善。

在低风险组(T1~T3,N1)中,DFS在3个月与6个月的双药化疗时间无明显差异。

基于奥沙利铂类化疗类型预先指定的亚组分析:

卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂(CAPOX)治疗3个月的DFS非劣效于6个月的。

使用氟尿嘧啶+亚叶酸钙+奥沙利铂治疗(FOLFOX)的患者,3个月的DFS劣效于6个月的。

原始出处:
Lieu C, Kennedy E B, Bergsland E, et al. Duration of oxaliplatin-containing adjuvant therapy for stage III colon cancer: ASCO clinical practice guideline[J]. J Clin Oncol,2019,(2019-04-15)[2019-04-17].http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30791-5.

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    2019-10-23 quxin068
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    2019-10-24 minlingfeng
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