Circulation Research:杨黄恬研究组合作发现溶酶体膜蛋白减轻心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的作用和自噬调控新机制

2020-07-23 SINH 中国科学院上海营养与健康研究所

研究报告了溶酶体膜蛋白LAPTM4B在心肌缺血/再灌注损伤(I/R)中的保护作用和调控机制,进一步揭示了溶酶体在心肌损伤修复中的重要作用,并为发展心脏修复治疗新策略提供了新的理论依据。

2020年7月23日,国际学术期刊Circulation Research在线发表了中科院上海营养与健康研究所肿瘤与微环境重点实验室杨黄恬研究组与中山大学中山医学院曹楠研究组合作的题为“Downregulation of LAPTM4B Contributes to the Impairment of the Autophagic Flux via Unopposed Activation of mTORC1 Signaling during Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury”的研究论文。该研究报告了溶酶体膜蛋白LAPTM4B在心肌缺血/再灌注损伤(I/R)中的保护作用和调控机制,进一步揭示了溶酶体在心肌损伤修复中的重要作用,并为发展心脏修复治疗新策略提供了新的理论依据。


血管疾病是当今威胁人类健康最严重的疾病之一,而缺血性心肌病是其中最致命的一种。及时的进行再灌注是挽救缺血心脏的必需步骤。然而该过程伴随着严重的再灌注损伤,临床缺乏有效的干预手段,因此发现新的抵抗心肌I/R损伤的机制具有重大的科学意义和临床需求。近年研究发现自噬这一关键细胞稳态维持系统在I/R损伤中扮演了重要角色。在心肌缺血阶段,激活的自噬可以清除诱发心肌细胞死亡的错误折叠蛋白和坏死线粒体等,从而起到心肌保护作用;而在再灌注阶段自噬水平处于过度激活状态,但形成的自噬小体清除障碍,往往对心肌造成损伤。为何自噬在I/R不同阶段具有相反的作用?其调控靶点和机制是什么?这是领域内长久以来有待阐明的重要科学问题,亦是困扰自噬调控药物临床应用的重要障碍。


该项研究发现:再灌注阶段心肌细胞中溶酶体的数量和功能明显下降,导致自噬流被部分阻断,心肌细胞对自噬小体的清除能力大为降低,过量自噬小体的堆积导致心肌细胞大量死亡;同时伴随着溶酶体膜蛋白LAPTM4B水平的下调。进一步研究发现:LAPTM4B对溶酶体数量和功能的维持是必须的。LAPTM4B-/-小鼠I/R心肌溶酶体数量进一步减少、自噬小体堆积加重,心肌梗死面积加大;而LAPTM4B过表达可以逆转心肌I/R所导致的这些表型,但其心肌保护作用可被溶酶体功能抑制剂取消,提示LAPTM4B可通过提升I/R中溶酶体数量和功能减少自噬小体累积,进而发挥心肌保护作用。进一步分析揭示LAPTM4B可通过其E3区域与mTOR蛋白结合抑制I/R所引起的mTORC1复合物激活,进而促进溶酶体关键转录因子TFEB的核转位,从而协助溶酶体功能和膜稳定性维持,提升心肌细胞抵抗I/R损伤的能力。


综上,该研究揭示了溶酶体膜蛋白LAPTM4B的下调可通过mTORC1/TFEB通路造成心肌I/R时自噬流受阻,心肌细胞死亡。因此,研究发现不仅揭示了LAPTM4B在心脏的新功能和其调控的mTORC1/TFEB通路在心肌I/R导致的自噬中的重要作用,并提示维持溶酶体功能是对抗心肌I/R损伤的重要一环。


中国科学院上海营养与健康研究所杨黄恬研究员和中山大学曹楠教授为该论文的共同通讯作者,杨黄恬研究员指导的博士研究生顾珊珊,现为曹楠教授的博士后为该研究的第一作者。该项研究得到了北京大学医学部周柔丽教授大力支持,并得到了国家自然科学基金委项目、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项、国家重点研发计划专项、以及广东省珠江人才计划的资助。

 

原始出处:
Shanshan Gu 1, Jiliang Tan 2, Qiang Li 2,et al.Downregulation of LAPTM4B Contributes to the Impairment of the Autophagic Flux via Unopposed Activation of mTORC1 Signaling During Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.Circ Res. 2020 Jul 22. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.119.316388. Online ahead of print.

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    2020-07-23 肿肿

    机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要

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