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性格影响肿瘤发生 C型性格是癌症性格靠谱吗?

2015-05-13 李芬 环球网-生命时报

性格肿瘤
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说到生病的原因，多数人会联想到传染性很强的病毒、繁殖速度快的细菌等，往往忽视了性格对身心健康的影响。殊不知，早在20世纪30年代，医学界就刮起了一股“身心医学”之风，开始探讨性格等心理因素和疾病的关系。如今，临床医学不断证明，很多疾病的确与性格密切相关，可以说，不同性格衍生出的负面情绪也是“致病原”。　　北京大学心理学系沈政教授说，根据不同性格人群的行为特点，医学上一般会把普通人群分为A型、B

　　
如何逃脱“癌症性格”的阴影呢？沈政指出，对于C型性格者最重要的就是发泄、减压、提高自信心。生活中最好做到以下几点：1.找到健康的情绪宣泄途径，不要一味地压抑、克制，向他人倾诉、写日记、做感兴趣的事等，都有助于转移注意力，排解不良情绪；2.更多地倾听自己的心声，而不是一味地迎合他人，学会善待自己，追求率真、自然，做个有原则、敢于说“不”的人；3.人各有所长，每个人都有自己的闪光点，多参加社交活动，试着去展示自己，可以增强自信心；4.客观对待他人对自己的评价，理性接受自己的缺点，但也不要责备自己，多关注正面评价，告诉自己“我很棒”；5.定期运动，不良情绪也会随着汗液排出体外。
　　
最后，西英俊提醒，人的性格相对固定，不会轻易改变，但随着年龄增长、处境变化，A型性格的人可能出现C型性格的行为特点，偶尔沉闷；C型性格的人也可能有A型性格的行为，情绪一下子爆发。针对不同时期不同的心理状态，人们的调节方法也要及时调整。此外，有些顽固的不良情绪也许与性格发展过程中经历的创伤事件有关，长时间无法排解时，应向专业心理医生寻求帮助。
 
MedSci提示：
 
但是，MedSci通过文献检索发现，确实有一些科学研究涉及这一领域，认为BC型性格可能与肿瘤高风险有关，其原因影响到体内激素和内分泌因素，也有一些研究则认为性格与肿瘤发生无关。因此，这个结论还需要更大样本的研究，才能最终下结论。另外，人格特质有很多种划分方法，有分三型，四型，大五型，大七型，九型人格，十五型等，不同分类方法的人群有所差别。上面的观点，可供参考。
 
例如一项大型队列研究（Miyagi研究）调查了15107名40-64岁妇女，采用EPQ-R量表分析人的性格与乳腺癌发病的关系，最终发现，性格与乳腺癌发生和发展并不存在显著关联。但是这项调查同时调查另外2万多例人群发现，性格与胃癌发生是关联的。而另一项PROFILES登记研究则显示，在结肠癌患者中，D型性格往往预示生活质量和预后均不好。2014年一项权威的荟萃分析，收集了42843例非肿瘤人群（平均年龄52岁），随访5.4年后，有2156例发生了癌症，但是经分析发现，与性格无显著性关联。这项研究有相当高的说服力。因此，性格对肿瘤的影响存在争议，可能是较微弱的因素之一，但有待进一步研究。过份强调性格在肿瘤中的作用，是欠妥的。
 
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相关文献：
 
Minami Y, Hosokawa T, Nakaya N, Sugawara Y, Nishino Y, Kakugawa Y, Fukao A, Tsuji I.Personality and breast cancer risk and survival: the Miyagi Cohort Study. 

Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2015 Apr;150(3):675-84. 

 

Husson O, Vissers PA, Denollet J, Mols F.The role of personality in the course of health-related quality of life and disease-specific health status among colorectal cancer survivors: A prospective population-based study from the PROFILES registry. Acta Oncol. 2015 May;54(5):669-77.

 

Ziegler DS.Never say never. J Clin Oncol. 2015 Feb 10;33(5):518-20

 

Jokela M, Batty GD, Hintsa T, Elovainio M, Hakulinen C, Kivimäki M. Is personality associated with cancer incidence and mortality? An individual-participant meta-analysis of 2156 incident cancer cases among 42,843 men and women. Br J Cancer. 2014 Apr 2;110(7):1820-4. 

 

 

Eskelinen M, Ollonen P.Assessment of 'cancer-prone personality' characteristics in healthy study subjects and in patients with breast disease and breast cancer using the commitment questionnaire: a prospective case-control study in Finland. Anticancer Res. 2011 Nov;31(11):4013-7.


Nabi H, Kivimäki M, Zins M, Elovainio M, Consoli SM, Cordier S, Ducimetière P, Goldberg M, Singh-Manoux A.Does personality predict mortality? Results from the GAZEL French prospective cohort study. Int J Epidemiol. 2008 Apr;37(2):386-96

Bleiker EM, Hendriks JH, Otten JD, Verbeek AL, van der Ploeg HM.Personality factors and breast cancer risk: a 13-year follow-up. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008 Feb 6;100(3):213-8.

小知识：国际公认的四种行为类型

A型：有强烈的进取心和竞争欲。有时间紧迫感，人际关系不协调，有敌意倾向。易患冠心病或高血压。

B型：与A型行为相反的一种类型，缺乏竞争性，喜欢不紧张的工作，喜欢过松散的生活，无时间紧迫感，有耐心，无主动的敌意。

C型：性格克制压抑，不表现负面情绪，特别是对愤怒的压抑，好生闷气，尽量回避各种冲突；生活和工作中没有主意和目标，不确定性多，有孤独感或失助感。易患癌症。

D型：孤僻、独来独往。

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    2015-10-06 段段

    有待进一步研究

    0

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    2015-05-24 ms117281293605716

    #靠谱#

    0

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    2015-05-21 cement123

    。。。。

    0

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    2015-05-14 gaowenlong

    性格对很多疾病都有影响吧

    0

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    2015-05-14 等你一年又一年

    不靠谱

    0

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    2015-05-13 182.149.192.**

    看看

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