盘点:2019年3月Gastroenterology研究精选

2019-03-16 MedSci MedSci原创

2019年3月Gastroenterology研究精选



【1】氯吡格雷与结肠息肉切除后出血风险


近日研究人员考察了不间断氯吡格雷治疗对结肠镜息肉切除术后迟发性出血风险的影响。正在使用氯吡格雷治疗血管疾病并进行选择性结肠镜检查的患者参与研究。患者在结肠镜检查前7天停止服用氯吡格雷,随后随机继续服用氯吡格雷(75mg)组或安慰剂。研究的主要终点是30天内需住院或结肠镜检查的息肉切除术后迟发性出血。次要终点是息肉切除术后即刻出血以及6个月内的严重心脏血栓事件。氯吡格雷组106人,安慰剂组110人接受了息肉切除手术。氯吡格雷组与安慰剂组息肉切除术后迟发性出血的累积发生率分别为3.8%和3.6% (p=.945)。组间术后即刻出血率(8.5% vs 5.5%)和心脏血栓事件(1.5% vs 2%)均无明显差异。

【2】右兰索拉唑和艾美拉唑对健康绝经女性骨骼健康无影响


近日研究人员评估了右兰索拉唑和艾美拉唑对健康绝经后妇女的骨转换、骨密度(BMD)、真实钙吸收(TFCA)、血清和尿液中矿物质的含量以及甲状旁腺激素水平(PTH)的影响。115名绝经妇女参与研究,随机接受右兰索拉唑(60 mg)、艾美拉唑(40 mg)或安慰剂,为期26周。在基线、13周和26周测定血浆前胶原型1N端前肽(P1NP)和1型胶原C末端肽(CTX)水平。研究的主要终点是P1NP和CTX变化。

在0-26周组间骨转换指标无明显差异,右兰索拉唑组CTX水平无明显升高(0.12 ng/ml)。与安慰剂组相比,艾美拉唑和右兰索拉唑组在的P1NP水平(分别为18.2%和19.2%)和CTX(分别为22.0%和27.4%)显著升高。治疗期间组间血清或尿液中矿物质、BMD或PTH水平没有明显差异。

【3】Abrilumab单抗治疗中重度溃疡性结肠炎


近日研究人员评估了α4β7单抗abrilumab对中到重度溃疡性结肠炎患者的疗效和安全性。

对常规治疗反应不足或不耐受的患者,接受7mg、21mg、70mg以及210mg的abilrumab或接种安慰剂。研究的主要终点是第8周治疗缓解,次要终点是第8周的治疗响应和粘膜愈合。

354名患者参与研究。安慰剂组和abrilumab 70-mg组和210-mg组在第8周非调整缓解率4.3%、13.3%、12.7%。Abrilumab 70 mg(OR=3.35;)和210 mg(OR=3.33)的缓解率明显高于安慰剂组,治疗响应率和粘膜愈合率也明显高于安慰剂。研究中未发生进展性多发性白质脑病或死亡病例。

【4】直肠癌年轻化种族差异研究


研究人员比较了50岁以下成年人群在两个时间段内的CRC发病率和相对存活率,以考察早发性CRC的种族差异。

从1992-1996年到2010-2014年,白人的CRC发病率从每10万人7.5例增加到11.0例,黑人的发病率从每10万人11.7例增加到12.7例。与黑种人相比(从每10万人3.4例增至4.0例),白人的直肠癌发病率上升幅度更大(从每10万人2.7例增至4.5例),在2010-2014年期间,黑人和白人的直肠癌发病率相似。与白人相比,黑人近端结肠癌的相对存活率增加幅度较小,但直肠癌的存活率增加更大。

【5】腹部脂肪与代谢综合征


近日研究人员就腹部脂肪含量与代谢综合征和其他肥胖相关疾病的相关性进行了考察。

躯干、内脏和肝脏脂肪含量在不同种族有显著差异,其中日裔美国人最高,非裔美国人中最低,其他群体中居中。与非洲裔美国人相比,美国日裔男性和女性的平均内脏脂肪面积分别为高出45%和73%,然而在美国日裔男性和女性中肝脏脂肪的平均测量值分别高出61%和122%。21岁以后,参与者的内脏和肝脏脂肪与体重增加有关。与白种人相比,非裔美国人、日裔美国人和夏威夷土著女性在代谢综合征患病率方面的差异是由于内脏脂肪和肝脏脂肪共同占比导致的,而与脂肪总量无关。

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    2019-10-28 许安
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