Nature:时隔一年 华人教授再次发表文章解析RNA病毒

2016-12-27 生物通/万纹 生物通/万纹

导读 时隔一年,周正洪教授与孙仁(Ren Sun)再次发表题为“In situ structures of the genome and genome-delivery apparatus in a single-stranded RNA virus”的文章,解析了单链RNA病毒。

导读 时隔一年,周正洪教授与孙仁(Ren Sun)再次发表题为“In situ structures of the genome and genome-delivery apparatus in a single-stranded RNA virus”的文章,解析了单链RNA病毒。



去年,来自加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)加州纳米技术研究院的周正洪教授与其合作者在Nature杂志上发文,揭示了双链RNA(dsRNA)病毒的三维原子结构,首次指出了病毒如何感知宿主细胞内的环境条件以触发转录,并阐述了dsRNA基因组在病毒内如何组构以及RNA自我复制的机制。

时隔一年,周正洪教授与孙仁(Ren Sun)再次发表题为“In situ structures of the genome and genome-delivery apparatus in a single-stranded RNA virus”的文章,解析了单链RNA病毒。这一研究成果在线公布在12月19日的Nature杂志上,这将有助于科学家们了解病毒的起源。

周正洪教授主要从事计算与结构生物学、微生物学,分子病理与健康信息学等方面的研究,上个世纪90年代开始与同事们分析病毒结构,但是当时的电子显微镜远不如现在的强大,同时高分辨率冷冻电镜技术的出现也能令蛋白、病毒、细胞等生物结构的完整性和瞬间生理活性状态得以保存,用于观察。

此前的Nature文章就是采用基于直接探测电子成像(Direct electron-counting)和非对称三维重构(Asymmetric reconstruction)的冷冻电镜技术,揭示了BmCPV病毒基因组处于活性转录状态时(t-CPV)内部核酸与蛋白质的相互作用关系,将冷冻电镜技术从观察病毒表面结构深入到了内部结构。

双链RNA病毒是病毒中最大的类群,其中轮状病毒作为双链RNA病毒家族最知名的病毒之一,每年引起接近百万的新生儿死亡,因此该成果也将推动人类、动物等类似病毒增殖复制机制的研究,为临床病毒病的防治等提供重要的借鉴和依据。

而单链RNA病毒虽然没有双链RNA病毒那么多,但是却包含了许多很有名的病毒:HIV,埃博拉病毒,小核糖核苷酸病毒(包括甲肝病毒HAV、肠道病毒、脊髓灰质炎病毒、口蹄疫病毒、感冒病毒等),SARS病毒,丙肝病毒HCV等等。而且与双链RNA病毒不同的是,单链RNA病毒不会把它们的基因组包裹到预制的外壳蛋白中,而是利用基因组共同装配壳体,关于这个共同组装的过程,科学家们了解的很少。

最新研究中,研究人员获取了单链RNA病毒:大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2的冷冻电镜结构(分辨率为3.6Å),并追踪了80%病毒基因组结构,从而发现了这种病毒的壳体共同组装过程中的分子机制,这将为解析核蛋白复合物与病毒起源之间的联系提供了重要的信息。

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    2017-08-21 liye789132251
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    2017-07-30 hongbochen
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