全球首例!湘雅二医院成功开展碳C环外悬生物人工气管临床移植术

2020-05-12 中南大学湘雅二医院 中南大学湘雅二医院

5月8日上午,中南大学湘雅二医院宣布医院为一名气管腺样囊性癌患者成功实施超长气管切除(8.6cm)后应用“C”形碳纤维环外悬生物人工气管(9cm)重建手术。

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5月8日上午,中南大学湘雅二医院宣布,日前,医院为一名气管腺样囊性癌患者成功实施超长气管切除(8.6cm)后应用“C”形碳纤维环外悬生物人工气管(9cm)重建手术,术后患者康复顺利,拟于近期出院恢复正常生活。

科技查新证实,国内外尚未见探讨碳纤维C形外支架联合牛心包制备复合人工气管重建植入的研究文献报道,该例手术为全球首例。

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57岁的王先生一年前无明显诱因出现干咳,偶有痰中带血丝,未引起他的重视。此后症状逐渐加重,出现严重刺激性咳嗽和活动后呼吸困难。2019年12月在当地医院检查发现巨大气管肿物,在当地医院支气管镜下活检证实为腺样囊性癌。

由于王先生的气管肿瘤较大且长,当地医院仅能在内镜下行肿块部分电切活检,以缓解部分症状并延长生存时间,无法从根本上解决问题。2020年3月,王先生慕名来到中南大学湘雅二医院胸外科,通过CT三维重建及支气管纤维镜检查发现患者气管肿瘤较前有进一步生长,阻塞管腔超过80%,严重影响患者的呼吸;肿块长度达到70mm,而且肿瘤已侵犯气管全周并有外侵趋势。 

针对王先生的病情,胸外科喻风雷教授团队在完善全面检查后,在医务部组织下进行了胸外科、放射科、麻醉科、呼吸科、肿瘤科、PETCT中心等全院多学科MDT大会诊,对患者病情进行了深入剖析,并对治疗方案进行了多方探讨,考虑患者一般情况良好,且肿瘤无明显全身转移表现,具备手术指征,应优先考虑气管肿瘤切除及同期气管重建手术,但存在手术难度较大,风险极高,且术后并发症难以预测等风险。

目前,尚缺乏成熟商品化的人工气管替代物。为了解决超长气管切除与重建这一世界性难题,喻风雷教授团队提出采用碳C环外悬牛心包生物人工气管这一医疗新技术进行超长气管肿块切除后的重建。

此方案利用已去除免疫活性、组织相容性良好且韧性、强度较高能抵抗张力的成熟商品化的牛心包制作密闭的气管壁,再利用C形碳纤维环模拟气管软骨环,对牛心包管壁形成悬吊支撑作用,充分利用了仿生学设计思路,能最大程度上替代气管软骨的支撑作用。

2020年4月16日,经过近10个小时的手术,喻风雷教授团队顺利为王先生切除长度达8.6cm的气管,直至上下切缘病理结果均为阴性,并成功进行C形碳纤维环外悬牛心包生物人工气管重建术,重建气管长度达9cm。

术后,王先生生命体征平稳,恢复顺利,术后第1天就能自主咳嗽排痰、自行进食,术后第2天就下床活动。他激动地说:“非常感谢中南大学湘雅二医院胸外科医护团队的妙手回春,感谢你们给予我第二次生命。”

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科普多一点   

气管腺样囊性癌是一种起病隐匿、较为少见的恶性肿瘤,此类肿瘤对放疗及化疗均不敏感,以手术切除治疗为主。正常成年人的气管全长一般为10-13cm,一般气管切除的安全长度小于5cm,手术切除后气管可以直接端对端吻合。5cm以上的超长气管切除与重建术后由于张力过大极易发生术后吻合口瘘导致手术失败。气管直接与外界空气相同,细菌接触不可避免;同时具备良好生物组织相容性、良好的弹性、气密性、抗菌性的人工气管替代材料一直是医学生物组织工程学的研究重点,但时至今日尚无成熟的人工气管替代物可供临床使用,超长气管切除与重建是胸外科未解决的世界级难题。

此次手术的实施既是一次医学难题的挑战,更是人工气管重建思路的一次历史性突破,是气管肿瘤患者的福音。

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    2020-07-15 cy0324
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    2020-05-14 xiaoshitou
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    2020-05-12 冠合

    有点意思

    0

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