Plos Biol:科学家研究发现:为什么抗抑郁药在某些人身上没有效果!

2018-01-07 白木清水 译自 medicalnewstoday 来宝网

治疗抑郁症的主要障碍之一就是抗抑郁剂是有效的选择,但它们在所有患者中不作用。他们不适合所有患有这种疾病的人。 科学家报告了一个可能解释为什么是这样的发现。

治疗抑郁症的主要障碍之一就是抗抑郁剂是有效的选择,但它们在所有患者中不作用。他们不适合所有患有这种疾病的人。 科学家报告了一个可能解释为什么是这样的发现。

(Marianne Muller)和德国马克斯·普朗克精神病学研究所(Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry)的同事进行了这项新研究。

他们的研究结果发表在《公共科学图书馆·生物学》杂志上。

抑郁症是美国最常见的精神疾病之一,每年影响大约1610万成年人。

在大多数情况下,抑郁、心理治疗、抗抑郁药物(如选择性5 -羟色胺再摄取抑制剂)或两者的结合都被规定用于治疗症状。然而,只有三分之一的抑郁症患者受益于他们所处方的抗抑郁药。

没有“一刀切”的治疗抑郁症的方法,也没有办法预测某一特定治疗方法是否适用于一个人。因此,目前最有效的治疗方法是通过一个反复试验的过程来确定,直到找到合适的合适为止。

识别反应生物标志物

一种开发定制治疗方法的方法是区分生物标记,以确定一个人是否会对某种药物作出反应。虽然这方面的研究很有希望,但尚未确定有什么重要的预测因素,在一定程度上是由于三个问题。

首先,抑郁症患者的功能变化可能与他们的病情有所不同。

其次,环境因素如儿童虐待、疾病发作、以前的生活事件,以及不同的治疗计划可能仍未被确认,从而降低了检测反应生物标志物的可能性。

最后,年龄、性别和遗传背景都影响转录水平、测量和治疗结果。

Muller和他的同事们开发了一种新的方法来克服先前研究的障碍,这些障碍使极端的表型能够在抑郁的小鼠模型中被选择。

小鼠模型通过识别对抗抑郁治疗反应迟钝和反应迟钝的小鼠来模拟人类的情况。

研究人员假设,小鼠模型将有助于识别与积极治疗反应相关的边缘生物标志物,并可能应用于人类。

“我们能够识别,”Tania carrillo - roa解释道,“我们在与亚特兰大埃默里大学合作的一群抑郁患者中验证了一组抗抑郁药物相关基因。”

受体可影响治疗反应

研究人员发现,与小鼠治疗反应相关的分子标记可以预测人类队列中的结果,准确率为76%。

此外,他们还对糖皮质激素受体(GR)和GR的敏感性进行了精确的分析,因为它们在治疗抗抑郁药物的反应中起着关键作用。GR有助于调节应激激素系统。该研究的作者写道:

“有趣的是,我们最终发现,在这一组抗抑郁反应基因中,grg调控的基因得到了显着的强化,并指出GR的敏感性是影响抗抑郁药物治疗的潜在关键机制。”

鉴定预测一个人的治疗反应结果的生物标志物将消除试验和错误方法的成本和后果,并最终改善病人的护理。

研究人员使用的实验跨种方法可以作为今后进行定制治疗的模板。

原始出处:Tania Carrillo-Roa , Christiana Labermaier , Peter Weber , et al. Common genes associated with antidepressant response in mouse and man identify key role of glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity. Plos Biology(2017)

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    2018-06-07 sunylz
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    2018-01-12 wetgdt
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在怀孕期间,女性不能及时的调整心态,适应母亲这个角色,那么在怀孕期间很容易出现焦虑、抑郁。因此部分孕妇会选择服用抗抑郁药,抗抑郁药对胎儿有什么样的影响呢?2017年9月,发表在《BMJ》上的一项基于人群的队列研究,考察子宫抗抑郁药暴露和后代精神疾病风险之间的相关性。

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临床上药物种类繁多,每一类药物都有其特殊性,抗抑郁药更是如此。然而,部分患者由于对抗抑郁药物的认识不到位,导致药物不起效,甚至被乱用、弃用,本文章将介绍临床上部分患者对抗抑郁药常见的误解及正确认识。

BMJ:停用抗抑郁药是否增加患者焦虑症的复发风险?

2017年9月,发表在《BMJ》上的一项复发预防试验的系统回顾和Meta分析,研究了患者停用抗抑郁药对焦虑症复发率的影响。研究结果证实:在长达1年的随访期中,停用抗抑郁药与继续使用抗抑郁药相比,会造成患者更高的复发率。