Lancet Haematology:重磅!中国PD-1抑制剂信迪利单抗治疗cHL关键研究荣登《柳叶刀血液病学》封面

2019-01-06 肿瘤资讯编辑部 肿瘤资讯

该研究结果刊登为国际著名期刊《柳叶刀子刊血液病学》杂志封面文章,期刊主编Stephen M Ansell教授撰写述评隆重推出此篇文章,述评提到信迪利单抗的问世为肿瘤患者提供了创新且高度有效的治疗模式,提升患者用药可及性,从而改善治疗结果。

2018年被称作“中国免疫治疗元年”。中国医学科学院肿瘤医院石远凯教授牵头的ORIENT-1研究中,信迪利单抗治疗复发难治cHL的客观缓解率高达80.4%,安全性良好,有望成为复发难治cHL患者新的治疗选择。基于ORIENT-1研究,信迪利单抗已经于2018年12月24日正式获得国家药品监督管理局的批准,用于至少经过二线系统化疗的复发或难治性cHL的治疗。该研究结果刊登为国际著名期刊《柳叶刀子刊血液病学》杂志封面文章,期刊主编Stephen M Ansell教授撰写述评隆重推出此篇文章,述评提到信迪利单抗的问世为肿瘤患者提供了创新且高度有效的治疗模式,提升患者用药可及性,从而改善治疗结果。

研究背景

复发难治cHL国际通用的标准治疗是ASCT和brentuximab vedotin,但在中国绝大部分患者因药物不可及或经济条件所囿,无法接受标准治疗。cHL特征是恶性R-S细胞散布于免疫细胞内,染色体9p24.1改变导致PD-1配体过度表达,这使得PD-1抑制剂在HL治疗中前景广阔。研究数据显示,纳武利尤单抗(Nivolumab)治疗复发难治cHL的客观反应率和完全缓解率分别为66%和9%,帕博利珠单抗(Pembrolizumab)临床研究结果与之相似。信迪利单抗(sintilimab)是高度选择性的全人源化单克隆抗体,可阻滞PD-1与其配体相互作用,1期临床研究显示对实体瘤患者有治疗作用。ORIENT-1研究拟评估信迪利单抗治疗复发难治cHL的疗效及安全性。

研究方法

ORIENT-1是一项2期多中心单臂研究,共有18家来自中国的医学中心参与,患者入组要求包括年龄≥18岁,ECOG评分0-2,接受过≥2线治疗的复发难治经典霍奇金淋巴瘤。静脉给予信迪利单抗 200mg,每3周一次,直至疾病进展、死亡、不可接受毒性或撤出研究,主要研究终点是客观反应率,对比基线、6周、15周、24周以及24-48周每12周、48周后每16周的增强CT或MRI,结果由独立的影像学委员会评估(IRRC)。同时评估治疗安全性。

ORIENT-1是迄今为止中国入组人数最多的复发或难治性经典型例霍奇金淋巴瘤(cHL)研究,一共招募了96位放疗与ASCT在内的≥2线治疗失败的中国cHL患者,使用信迪利单抗注射液治疗,剂量200mg/人,三周一次。

研究结果

自2017年4月19日至2017年11月1日,共招募96例患者,其中4例患者的诊断未经病理中心确认,故未纳入分析,10例患者停用治疗,中位随访10.5个月。

疗效分析

纳入分析的92例患者中,74例患者(80.4%)获得了客观反应,90例患者疾病控制(97.8%),完全缓解31例(34%),部分缓解43例(47%),疾病稳定16例(17%)。



表1.最佳治疗反应



图1 IRRC评判的治疗结果。
A)92例纳入分析患者靶损害的最佳改变;
(B)74例有治疗反应患者治疗反应持续时间;
(C)92例纳入分析患者的无进展生存。

不良反应分析

89/96例(93%)出现治疗相关副反应(表2),其中17例(18%)发生3或4级治疗相关不良事件,最常见的不良反应是发热,研究中没有患者死亡。



表2.不良反应

生活质量分析

EQ-5D-5L视觉模拟评分和QLQ-C30健康与生活质量评分显示,随着治疗的进行,患者总体生活质量明显改善。化疗9周期时,治疗有反应患者生活质量的改善明显优于治疗无反应患者(表3)。



表3 生活质量评分

讨论

ORIENT-1研究结果充分显示了信迪利单抗治疗复发难治cHL的疗效,同时也证实了该药良好的安全性和耐受性,研究中只有3例患者因为不良反应而停用治疗,多数不良反应为轻度可控,无不良反应导致的死亡。

与纳武利尤单抗和帕博利珠单抗研究不同的是,因为费用和药物不可及等原因,ORIENT-1研究纳入的患者中只有少部分接受过ASCT(18例)和brentuximab vedotin(6例临床研究)治疗,因此该项研究获益的结果与其他同类研究进行比较并不适合。ORIENT-1研究充分表明,不论既往接受过何种治疗,无论基线特征如何,所有类型患者均可从信迪利单抗治疗中获益,这与纳武利尤单抗和帕博利珠单抗研究得出的结果一致。

同时,ORIENT-1研究显示,信迪利单抗的安全性结果与纳武利尤单抗和帕博利珠单抗既往研究中的安全性数据相符,未发现预期外副反应或脱靶反应,发热是最常见副反应,多为1-2级,不需特殊处理,发热多发生于治疗的24小时内,并于24小时内缓解,下次治疗时不需药物预防,也不会反复发生。既往纳武利尤单抗和帕博利珠单抗研究中,发热也很常见,而且cHL患者治疗时的发热频度高于其他类型癌症,发热是cHL很常见的表现,所以治疗中出现的发热可能与轻度肿瘤溶解有关。

研究结论

目前,信迪利单抗已获得国家药品监督管理局批准上市,这标志着抗肿瘤免疫治疗进入了“中国创新时代”。在此之前,中国复发难治cHL患者的治疗需求一直未能得到满足。ORIENT-1研究显示信迪利单抗有很高的治疗反应率和完全缓解率,同时耐受性良好,成为复发难治cHL新的治疗选择。

关于信迪利单抗及其在实体瘤中的应用

信迪利单抗(达伯舒®)是由信达生物制药和礼来制药在中国共同合作研发的具有国际品质的人类免疫球蛋白G4(IgG4)单克隆抗体,能特异性结合T细胞表面的PD-1分子,从而阻断导致肿瘤免疫耐受的 PD-1/ PD-L1通路,重新激活淋巴细胞的抗肿瘤活性从而达到治疗肿瘤的目的。

目前信达生物迅速推进了有关信迪利单抗(达伯舒®)20多项临床试验,包括一线非鳞非小细胞肺癌、一线肺鳞癌、二线肺鳞癌、EGFR TKI治疗失败的EGFR突变阳性的非小细胞肺癌、一线癌、一线肝癌、一线食管癌、二线食管癌等。截至今天,已有超过1000例中外肿瘤患者参加了信迪利单抗(达伯舒®)相关的临床试验。希望有更多患者通过这一比肩国际水准的抗癌药物,赢得生存获益和希望。

在“第一届信达肿瘤论坛”上,北京协和医院呼吸科的王孟昭教授报告了信迪利单抗治疗肺癌的数据。信迪利单抗联合培美曲塞/顺铂一线治疗非鳞NSCLC的Ib期研究中显示,ORR可达到68.4%;信迪利单抗联合吉西他滨/铂类双药一线治疗鳞状NSCLC的Ib期研究结果显示,ORR达到64.7%,DCR 100%;mPFS结果尚未成熟。

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    2019-04-22 howi
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    2019-07-06 jklm09
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    2019-08-18 changfy
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    2019-01-08 fengyi812
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    2019-01-08 xxxx1054

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