右额叶巨大胆脂瘤1例

2018-05-21 张宗永 谭玉堂 欧阳陶辉 中国临床神经外科杂志

患者,男,23岁,因发作性晕厥伴四肢抽搐半个月入院。

【一般资料】

患者,男,23岁

【主诉】

因发作性晕厥伴四肢抽搐半个月入院。

【体格检查】

入院后体格检查未发现神经系统阳性体征。

【辅助检查】

头颅MRI示右额叶巨大占位,大小约5cm×6cm×7cm,T1加权像呈混杂低信号(图1A),增强后轻度强化(图1B);T2加权像呈混杂高信号(图1C)。



【治疗】

遂行手术治疗。行右侧额颞部弧形切口,游离额颞部骨瓣,硬膜张力高,剪开硬膜后,见右额叶肿胀,显微镜下切开右额叶,深入1cm,见肿瘤,色白有包膜,分离肿瘤边界,同时行瘤腔减压,瘤内容物为白色有光泽泥沙样、质松脆(图1D),次全切除肿瘤,残留少量与侧裂血管关系密切的肿瘤包膜(图1E),残腔生理盐水反复冲洗,彻底止血,常规关颅。术后第二天复查CT示肿瘤切除术后表现(图1F、1G)。术后病理证实为胆脂瘤。患者恢复良好,未遗留感觉、运动、记忆障碍。术后随访1年,未服用抗癫痫药物,未见癫痫发作。



【讨论】

胆脂瘤起源于异位胚胎残余组织的外胚层组织,是胚胎晚期在继发性脑细胞形成时将表皮带入的结果,多考虑为先天性。胆脂瘤发病率占全脑肿瘤的0.2%~1.8%,男性多见,桥小脑角区及鞍区为好发部位,脑实质内发生率较低。本文病例发生于额叶,属罕见发病区域。胆脂瘤属良性肿瘤,宜选择手术切除,争取全切除,因为囊肿包膜是生长最活跃的部分,然而在肿瘤与重要血管等结构粘连紧密时,我们认为需要权衡利弊。本文病例选择残留少量与侧裂血管粘连紧密的包膜,术后随访1年,未见复发。术中因粘连紧密残留部分囊壁,术后复发率低,复发时间很长。但是也有报道颅内表皮样囊肿恶变可能,所以我们认为患者术后均需定期复查。除切除肿瘤本身外,还需强调术中用生理盐水,甚至激素冲洗瘤腔,以防囊肿内容物外溢,引起无菌性脑膜炎。

原始出处:

张宗永, 谭玉堂, 欧阳陶辉,等. 右额叶巨大胆脂瘤1例[J]. 中国临床神经外科杂志, 2017(3):208-208.

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    2018-06-17 jyzxjiangqin

    右额叶巨大胆脂瘤.

    0

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    2018-05-22 虈亣靌

    学习了.涨知识了!

    0