New Engl J Med:研究揭示更有效提高肺癌患者生存率的方案

2017-06-23 佚名 Medicalxpress 

根据一项新的研究报告,针对晚期肺癌患者的III期临床试验的结果可以帮助肿瘤学家更好地预测哪些患者可能从免疫治疗中获益最多。

根据一项新的研究报告,针对晚期肺癌患者的III期临床试验的结果可以帮助肿瘤学家更好地预测哪些患者可能从免疫治疗中获益最多。

在这项研究中,研究人员比较了541例先前未经治疗或复发的表达PDL-1抗体的非小细胞肺癌NSCLC)患者的免疫治疗药物Nivolumab与标准化疗方案的疗效。

Nivolumab是一类被称为PD-1阻断抗体的免疫治疗药物的一部分。这些药物通过靶向PDL-1受体来增强对癌症的免疫应答。

患者随机接受免疫治疗或标准化疗。由于疾病进展,大约有60%的受试者接受免疫治疗。

这项新研究的结果显示,与总体人群的化疗相比,Nivolumab并没有导致更长的无进展生存期。接受Nivolumab的患者的应答率为26.1%,疾病进展前的响应时间为12.1个月。化疗组治疗患者的应答率为33.5%,但反应中位数仅为疾病进展前5.7个月。

“好消息是,我们发现,具有高肿瘤突变负担和高PDL-1阳性状态的患者的一小部分确实经历了免疫治疗的显着益处,”Carbone说。

具有高肿瘤突变负荷和高PDL-1阳性状态的患者与低突变负荷和低PDL-1患者的免疫治疗反应率相比,反应率为75%。这两组相比,化疗后分别有25%和23%的应答率,显示这些标志物对免疫治疗有选择性。

Carbone说,通过基因组测试了解患者的整体肿瘤负担,可以帮助确定在治疗开始之前最有可能从免疫治疗中获益的患者。

Carbone说:“这项研究是了解肿瘤突变负荷和PDL-1在免疫治疗反应中的影响的重要一步,这个数据显示我们应该独立评估这两个因素,以最准确地确定谁将受益于免疫治疗。

原始出处:
David P. Carbone.et al.First-Line Nivolumab in Stage IV or Recurrent Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer.The New England Journal of Medcine.

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    2017-11-05 spoonycyy
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    2018-01-15 haouestc
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    2017-06-23 luominglian113

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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