Hum reprod update:寨卡病毒感染对生殖有怎样的影响?

2017-08-10 MedSci MedSci原创

背景:寨卡病毒(ZIKV)是黄病毒属、Flaviviridae病毒家族的一种节肢型病毒。目前,ZIKV处于大流行,是世界公共卫生紧急情况的焦点。虽然1947年ZIKV就被分离出来,但它的病理机制仍然不甚清楚,而且直到现在,也才有几篇关于它的文章。ZIKV的传播途径及其对生育和妊娠的影响最近才开始公开。目的:本文对ZIKV感染及其病理过程的相关进展进行总结,重度是它对两性生殖道的影响,包括性传播和妊

背景:寨卡病毒(ZIKV)是黄病毒属、Flaviviridae病毒家族的一种节肢型病毒。目前,ZIKV处于大流行,是世界公共卫生紧急情况的焦点。虽然1947年ZIKV就被分离出来,但它的病理机制仍然不甚清楚,而且直到现在,也才有几篇关于它的文章。ZIKV的传播途径及其对生育和妊娠的影响最近才开始公开。

目的:本文对ZIKV感染及其病理过程的相关进展进行总结,重度是它对两性生殖道的影响,包括性传播和妊娠的风险。同时还讨论ZIKV感染对妊娠计划和ART的影响。

方法:在PubMed、EMBASE数据库中用“ZIKV”、“传播”、“男性”、“女性”、“妊娠”、“精子”、“睾丸”、“卵巢”和“生殖道”等检索词检索2017年3月17日前发表的文章。

结果:长期以来,ZIKV被认为是无害的病毒,但越来越多证据表明其对神经系统和妊娠结局都有副作用。在小鼠模型上,ZIKV会使胎儿发育迟缓、损伤胎脑。在人类,ZIKV可通过胎盘屏障,引起胎儿死亡和常见异常,如小头畸形、无脑症、长期神经系统后遗症(如先天性寨卡综合征)。除了通过蚊子传播,ZIKV可能还可以通过性传播。近期数据提示ZIKV RNA可以在精液中存在几个月,而在女性生殖道中较罕见,或者时间较短。目前关于预防ZIKV性传播指导是基于ZIKV是从男性伴侣传播给接受性伴侣。而且,在小鼠模型中,病毒可以在男性生殖器中复制,引发严重的睾丸炎,有人怀疑其可能会导致男性不育症。

意义:这些新的相关发现促使多个国家和机构发布最新的、定期指导,预防ZIKV的性传播。对于ZIKV性传播及其在生殖系统的分布的了解进展有助于更好的预测和控制潜在的性传播的传染性病原体的暴发。

原始出处:

Sylvie Epelboin,Emmanuel Dulioust,et al.Zika virus and reproduction: facts, questions and current management.Hum Reprod Update.09 August 2017.https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmx024

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    2017-08-12 sunylz
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    2017-08-10 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了,涨知识

    0

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    2017-08-10 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    寨卡病毒对生殖的影响,

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