PLOS ONE:抗癌药伊马替尼可缓解多发性硬化症

2013-02-28 Steven译 好医365

  近日在美国《国家公共图书馆期刊》上发表的一项最新研究显示,伊马替尼这种目前常被用于治疗癌症的药物还可缓解并放慢多发性硬化症(MS)这种自身免疫病的恶化进程。瑞典卡罗琳学院的研究人员做了此项研究并得出上述结论,这有助于MS治疗新方式的研发。   多发性硬化症是一种免疫系统攻击脊髓和大脑的疾病,会对神经组织造成伤害,从而引起视力障碍、瘫痪以及其他神经障碍。在瑞典,MS患者约有1.7万人,其中大部


  近日在美国《国家公共图书馆期刊》上发表的一项最新研究显示,伊马替尼这种目前常被用于治疗癌症的药物还可缓解并放慢多发性硬化症(MS)这种自身免疫病的恶化进程。瑞典卡罗琳学院的研究人员做了此项研究并得出上述结论,这有助于MS治疗新方式的研发。

  多发性硬化症是一种免疫系统攻击脊髓和大脑的疾病,会对神经组织造成伤害,从而引起视力障碍、瘫痪以及其他神经障碍。在瑞典,MS患者约有1.7万人,其中大部分患者是在20-40岁时患上了这种疾病。目前还没有有效的治疗手段,而一些可缓解相关症状的疗法往往具有严重的副作用。

  卡罗琳学院医疗化学与生物物理学系教授Ingrid Nilsson表示:“由于MS容易复发,所以患者迫切需要一些新型而有效的药物来进行治疗,同时把副作用降到最低。”

  当白细胞对中枢神经系统(CNS)造成损害时就会诱发多发性硬化症。CNS通常会受到血脑屏障的保护,这一屏障会对进出血管壁的物质进行控制。然而,MS所引起的炎症会增加血脑屏障的渗透性,从而使得免疫细胞轻松穿过。

  在这项研究中,研究团队检测了通过封闭血脑屏障来缓解相关神经症状的可能性。他们采用了常见的小鼠模型,小鼠神经组织的内原性蛋白质会刺激小鼠的免疫防御,从而激活自身免疫反应,借此,白细胞就会对小鼠中央神经系统内的蛋白质发起攻击,产生一系列类似与人类MS的症状。接着,研究人员对这些小鼠进行伊马替尼药物治疗,而这种药物在先前的一些研究中被证实可治疗某些类型的癌症,还能降低血脑屏障的渗透性。

  Nilsson教授称:“伊马替尼通过阻止白细胞从血液进入神经组织来放慢多发性硬化症的恶化进程并对相关神经症状起到缓解作用。”此外,伊马替尼治疗还能抑制自身免疫反应并减少经过血脑屏障漏入神经组织的白细胞数量。由于这种药物已经在癌症患者身上得到应用,因此在不久的将来人们将在MS患者身上进行这种药物的临床研究。

  Nilsson教授最后说:“即使对于已经出现相关症状的小鼠,这种治疗方式也有效,这对于将其用于患有多发性硬化症患者身上具有十分重要的意义。”

多发性硬化症相关的拓展阅读:

伊马替尼相关的拓展阅读:


Imatinib Ameliorates Neuroinflammation in a Rat Model of Multiple Sclerosis by Enhancing Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity and by Modulating the Peripheral Immune Response

Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as ischemic stroke, multiple sclerosis (MS) or Alzheimeŕs disease are characterized by the loss of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Here we demonstrate that the small tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib enhances BBB integrity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Treatment was accompanied by decreased CNS inflammation and demyelination and especially reduced T-cell recruitment. This was supported by downregulation of the chemokine receptor (CCR) 2 in CNS and lymph nodes, and by modulation of the peripheral immune response towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Interestingly, imatinib ameliorated neuroinflammation, even when the treatment was initiated after the clinical manifestation of the disease. We have previously shown that imatinib reduces BBB disruption and stroke volume after experimentally induced ischemic stroke by targeting platelet-derived growth factor receptor -α (PDGFR-α) signaling. Here we demonstrate that PDGFR-α signaling is a central regulator of BBB integrity during neuroinflammation and therefore imatinib should be considered as a potentially effective treatment for MS.



    

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    2013-08-31 jml2009
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    2013-03-02 sunylz

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