北大人民医院研究:心内科请精神科会诊最多,焦虑常见

2019-02-26 中国循环杂志 卢芳

精神疾患好似不常见,实则不然。有研究显示,内科住院患者中有近四成人患有精神障碍。那么哪个科室请精神科会诊最多?北京大学人民医院曲姗、谢稚鹃等进行的研究发现,心内科请精神科会诊最多,以焦虑障碍最为常见。研究显示,心内科住院患者会诊占精神科会诊的5.8%。常会因为难以解释或治疗效果不佳的躯体症状(29.7%)、焦虑症状的治疗(17.6%)、既往有焦虑或抑郁障碍病史(11.3%)、睡眠问题的治疗(10.

精神疾患好似不常见,实则不然。有研究显示,内科住院患者中有近四成人患有精神障碍。那么哪个科室请精神科会诊最多?

北京大学人民医院曲姗、谢稚鹃等进行的研究发现,心内科请精神科会诊最多,以焦虑障碍最为常见。

研究显示,心内科住院患者会诊占精神科会诊的5.8%。常会因为难以解释或治疗效果不佳的躯体症状(29.7%)、焦虑症状的治疗(17.6%)、既往有焦虑或抑郁障碍病史(11.3%)、睡眠问题的治疗(10.8%)请会诊。

其中,请会诊的患者住院天数较所有心内科患者平均住院天数更长,从住院至精神科会诊的时间间隔有75.2%≤5天。

通过会诊,有51.8%被精神科诊断为焦虑障碍,13.5%为抑郁障碍,6.8%为睡眠障碍,5.4%为应激反应与适应障碍。

精神科主要处理意见中,有48.2%开具了抗抑郁药,41.9%开具苯二氮类药,9.5%进行生活方式调整,7.7%给予非苯二氮类睡眠药。

研究者介绍,有研究显示,伴有焦虑抑郁症状的冠心病患者,医疗花费增加,生活质量明显下降。

研究者解释,行为方式和生物学机制都可能为焦虑抑郁与血管疾病间密切相关的作用途径。

其中行为方式包括体力活动少、吸烟等不良健康方式,生物学机制则包括下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴和交感神经系统过度活化、炎症过程等。

此外患者出院后精神科门诊复诊率低,为7.8%。主要影响因素为出院带药是否有精神科相关药物、出院医嘱中是否有建议精神科复诊的内容。

研究者指出,要加强并重视对血管疾病患者精神疾病或心理问题,干预和识别较为重要。此外,可能需要长期、多方面、团队式干预,来改善心血管疾病患者的长期预后。

这项研究通过电子病历系统分析了某三甲综合医院2016年全年精神科会诊心内科住院治疗。该院2016年精神科会诊共4097例,心内科住院患者精神科会诊了237例,其中取消了15例,最终222例心内科患者请会诊。

来源:谢稚鹃, 郑敏婕, 史欣欣, 等.  2016年度某三级甲等综合医院精神科会诊的心内科住院患者资料分析. 中华精神科杂志, 2018,51(3) : 163-168.

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    2019-02-26 明天jing

    焦虑是当年年轻人的共同问题,需要认真对待。

    0

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