Eur Heart J:长期应用他汀 有无必要担心不良反应

2018-08-24 吴星 环球医学

他汀是临床上应用非常普遍的一类降脂药物,目前大量文献资料均证实和肯定了他汀的降脂疗效和心血管获益。但任何药物都是“双刃剑”,有治疗效果就有不良反应,他汀也不能幸免。长期服用他汀有哪些不良反应呢?这些不良反应是否会抵消其心脑血管获益?我们又该如何看待和理解他汀的心脑血管获益与不良反应呢?

他汀是临床上应用非常普遍的一类降脂药物,目前大量文献资料均证实和肯定了他汀的降脂疗效和血管获益。但任何药物都是“双刃剑”,有治疗效果就有不良反应,他汀也不能幸免。长期服用他汀有哪些不良反应呢?这些不良反应是否会抵消其心脑血管获益?我们又该如何看待和理解他汀的心脑血管获益与不良反应呢?

2018年7月,发表在《Eur Heart J》的一项研究,客观评价了长期他汀治疗,对血糖稳态、认知功能、肝肾功能、出血性卒中或白内障风险等可能不良反应的证据。

在该项研究中,研究人员对2000~2017年的文献进行了检索。审查员批判性评价了数据,并对报告的不良反应分类达成共识

随机对照试验(RCTs)和遗传性研究表明,根据实验室结果定义(糖化血红蛋白水平≥6.5),他汀治疗适度增加新发糖尿病风险(约为1/1000患者年),该风险在代谢综合征糖尿病前期患者中显著更高。

他汀对认知功能不造成不良影响,甚至低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平非常低也是如此,并且他汀治疗与临床显著性肾功能恶化或白内障进展不相关。

0.5%~2%服用他汀的患者出现肝酶短暂升高,但是不具有临床意义。他汀造成特异性肝损伤,非常罕见,并且难以证实因果关系。

循证医学不支持无脑血管疾病患者出血性卒中风险增加。通过积极降低胆固醇水平来预防卒中研究中,既往卒中患者,该风险小幅增加,但是未在RCTs、队列研究和病例对照研究的真实世界证据中予以证实。

由此,作者认为,长期他汀治疗非常安全,并且上述定义的临床相关不良反应风险很低。重要的是,他汀治疗具有的明确心血管获益远远超过不良反应风险。

目前,根据各种循证研究结果,他汀对冠心病、卒中等动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的防治,对血脂异常的治疗作用是明确的。

不过,患者是否需要服用他汀,还取决于患者的具体情况。患者需通过医师指导,权衡利弊、合理用药。

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    2018-08-26 zhaojie88
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    2018-08-26 slcumt
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    2018-08-25 186****0580(小山羊)

    学习了谢谢了

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1840566, encodeId=a3181840566fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9401204912f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#不良反应#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20491, encryptionId=9401204912f, topicName=不良反应)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 04:03:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1356900, encodeId=d43713569008e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b0702e84b9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2784, encryptionId=b0702e84b9, topicName=ART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Sun Aug 26 05:03:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1562960, encodeId=fe1d15629608c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f69d864413' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HEART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8644, encryptionId=f69d864413, topicName=HEART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=80d715270048, createdName=slcumt, createdTime=Sun Aug 26 05:03:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340748, encodeId=46f5340e48da, content=学习了谢谢了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLPeNmuNF9ibgMfMOAs7Iic5MpiaU8RLmRH67xCKuk5wzfhb7G4ib7ia6z9lrnsTicj1nAUfEOMecZDtvvu/0, createdBy=d7f91939785, createdName=186****0580(小山羊), createdTime=Sat Aug 25 12:43:54 CST 2018, time=2018-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340727, encodeId=0ef4340e27d7, content=很有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=18741984753, createdName=smartxiuxiu, createdTime=Sat Aug 25 10:05:39 CST 2018, time=2018-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340697, encodeId=f8db34069e58, content=好多年的疑虑,豁然明朗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210315/b92a284ca410444bb616671ef4ba7db7/7230cc54d45245f59b538d2d4776c930.jpg, createdBy=8dc12379619, createdName=蓝米, createdTime=Sat Aug 25 09:41:28 CST 2018, time=2018-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340582, encodeId=0d9534058240, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDicHg2ldsSNmib46PmdzpO7CQEmPjuULp1v45zPWwMYhrnXgvl3OtmUCZSQfgITWn96X9moL94nUGA/0, createdBy=28072041016, createdName=131****1460, createdTime=Fri Aug 24 19:07:49 CST 2018, time=2018-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-25 smartxiuxiu

    很有用

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1840566, encodeId=a3181840566fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9401204912f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#不良反应#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20491, encryptionId=9401204912f, topicName=不良反应)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 04:03:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1356900, encodeId=d43713569008e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b0702e84b9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2784, encryptionId=b0702e84b9, topicName=ART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Sun Aug 26 05:03:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1562960, encodeId=fe1d15629608c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f69d864413' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HEART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8644, encryptionId=f69d864413, topicName=HEART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=80d715270048, createdName=slcumt, createdTime=Sun Aug 26 05:03:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340748, encodeId=46f5340e48da, content=学习了谢谢了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLPeNmuNF9ibgMfMOAs7Iic5MpiaU8RLmRH67xCKuk5wzfhb7G4ib7ia6z9lrnsTicj1nAUfEOMecZDtvvu/0, createdBy=d7f91939785, createdName=186****0580(小山羊), createdTime=Sat Aug 25 12:43:54 CST 2018, time=2018-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340727, encodeId=0ef4340e27d7, content=很有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=18741984753, createdName=smartxiuxiu, createdTime=Sat Aug 25 10:05:39 CST 2018, time=2018-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340697, encodeId=f8db34069e58, content=好多年的疑虑,豁然明朗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210315/b92a284ca410444bb616671ef4ba7db7/7230cc54d45245f59b538d2d4776c930.jpg, createdBy=8dc12379619, createdName=蓝米, createdTime=Sat Aug 25 09:41:28 CST 2018, time=2018-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340582, encodeId=0d9534058240, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDicHg2ldsSNmib46PmdzpO7CQEmPjuULp1v45zPWwMYhrnXgvl3OtmUCZSQfgITWn96X9moL94nUGA/0, createdBy=28072041016, createdName=131****1460, createdTime=Fri Aug 24 19:07:49 CST 2018, time=2018-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-25 蓝米

    好多年的疑虑,豁然明朗

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1840566, encodeId=a3181840566fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9401204912f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#不良反应#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20491, encryptionId=9401204912f, topicName=不良反应)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Thu Aug 30 04:03:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1356900, encodeId=d43713569008e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b0702e84b9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2784, encryptionId=b0702e84b9, topicName=ART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Sun Aug 26 05:03:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1562960, encodeId=fe1d15629608c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f69d864413' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#HEART#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=8644, encryptionId=f69d864413, topicName=HEART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=80d715270048, createdName=slcumt, createdTime=Sun Aug 26 05:03:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340748, encodeId=46f5340e48da, content=学习了谢谢了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLPeNmuNF9ibgMfMOAs7Iic5MpiaU8RLmRH67xCKuk5wzfhb7G4ib7ia6z9lrnsTicj1nAUfEOMecZDtvvu/0, createdBy=d7f91939785, createdName=186****0580(小山羊), createdTime=Sat Aug 25 12:43:54 CST 2018, time=2018-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340727, encodeId=0ef4340e27d7, content=很有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=18741984753, createdName=smartxiuxiu, createdTime=Sat Aug 25 10:05:39 CST 2018, time=2018-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340697, encodeId=f8db34069e58, content=好多年的疑虑,豁然明朗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210315/b92a284ca410444bb616671ef4ba7db7/7230cc54d45245f59b538d2d4776c930.jpg, createdBy=8dc12379619, createdName=蓝米, createdTime=Sat Aug 25 09:41:28 CST 2018, time=2018-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=340582, encodeId=0d9534058240, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDicHg2ldsSNmib46PmdzpO7CQEmPjuULp1v45zPWwMYhrnXgvl3OtmUCZSQfgITWn96X9moL94nUGA/0, createdBy=28072041016, createdName=131****1460, createdTime=Fri Aug 24 19:07:49 CST 2018, time=2018-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-24 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅

    0

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