Nat Neurosci:卞修武院士等团队在神经胶质瘤取得新突破

2018-12-18 华华中中 iNature

恶性神经胶质瘤是中枢神经系统中最常见的原发性恶性肿瘤。尽管手术,放疗和化疗治疗取得了进展,但这类肿瘤患者的总体5年生存率仍<10%。沿着白质束,血管周围空间和脑膜的早期侵入性生长是恶性胶质瘤最突出的临床病理学特征,并且被认为是治疗结果差的主要原因之一。重要的是要了解胶质瘤细胞是否随机到达这些现有结构,然后为这些细胞的存活提供优势。不幸的是,关于此的知识是有限的。

恶性神经胶质瘤是中枢神经系统中最常见的原发性恶性肿瘤。尽管手术,放疗和化疗治疗取得了进展,但这类肿瘤患者的总体5年生存率仍<10%。沿着白质束,血管周围空间和脑膜的早期侵入性生长是恶性胶质瘤最突出的临床病理学特征,并且被认为是治疗结果差的主要原因之一。重要的是要了解胶质瘤细胞是否随机到达这些现有结构,然后为这些细胞的存活提供优势。不幸的是,关于此的知识是有限的。

2018年12月17日,第三军医大学卞修武及余时沧共同通讯在Nature Neuroscience在线发表题为“Invasion of white matter tracts by glioma stem cells is regulated by a NOTCH1–SOX2 positive-feedback”的研究论文,该论文显示一些神经胶质瘤干细胞(GSCs)优先位于白质束,其在胶质瘤组织的侵入前沿表现出脱髓鞘表型。 这些GSC是CD133 + Notch1 +,而神经纤维表达Notch配体Jagged1。 Notch诱导的转录因子Sox9促进SOX2的转录,并且通过上调SOX2来减弱NOTCH1启动子的甲基化水平以增强GSC中的NOTCH1表达。 在一组胶质瘤受试者中的这种正反馈回路与不良预后相关。 这些发现提供的证据表明NOTCH1-SOX2正反馈环控制GSC沿白质束的入侵。


三维模型重建胶质瘤受试者

最近,已经显示不同类型的肿瘤祖细胞和癌干细胞(CSC),包括神经胶质瘤干细胞(GSC),优先存在于血管周围区域。 Nestin + CD133 + GSCs位于恶性胶质瘤的毛细血管旁边。


Sox2降低NOTCH1启动子的甲基化水平

然而,GSC和白质束之间的空间关系,神经胶质瘤细胞优先迁移的其他解剖结构仍然未知。胶质瘤的这种分布是否由可溶性因子的吸引或GSC与白质束之间的特异性配体 - 受体相互作用介导尚不清楚。探索这背后的机制将不仅有助于我们理解white-matter-tract向性的生物学,而且还可以发现这种有害肿瘤的有希望的脑特异性治疗靶点。


非GSC中SOX2过表达后NOTCH1 mRNA的相对表达

在本研究中,研究人员显示白质束通过Jagged1激活GSC中的NOTCH1-SOX9-SOX2正反馈环。这种相互作用可为GSC提供某些生存优势。因此,该研究提出白质束形成小生境微环境,促进GSC的核心干转录因子的表达,并代表脑肿瘤中的治疗靶标。

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    2019-09-09 liye789132251
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    2019-03-04 zxxiang
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    2018-12-20 lsndxfj
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    2018-12-18 junJUN

    院士是学术至高点,也是大家必争之地呀

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