JAMA Neurol:成功再灌注/再通有利于防止脑水肿

2018-05-04 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

血管内治疗(endovascular treatment,EVT)能够提高再灌注率,改善前循环急性缺血性卒中患者的长期预后。再灌注有利于防止梗死扩大,挽救缺血脑组织。鉴于大动脉闭塞性卒中的获益,识别那些能够从再灌注治疗中获益的患者非常重要。延长小梗死核心卒中患者的治疗时间窗是一种有希望的方法。不过,对于较低SPECTS评分(梗死面积较大)者,再灌注治疗的作用尚不清楚。理解再灌注治疗不能获益的机制将


血管内治疗(endovascular treatment,EVT)能够提高再灌注率,改善前循环急性缺血性卒中患者的长期预后。再灌注有利于防止梗死扩大,挽救缺血脑组织。鉴于大动脉闭塞性卒中的获益,识别那些能够从再灌注治疗中获益的患者非常重要。延长小梗死核心卒中患者的治疗时间窗是一种有希望的方法。不过,对于较低SPECTS评分(梗死面积较大)者,再灌注治疗的作用尚不清楚。理解再灌注治疗不能获益的机制将有助于重新定义适合血管内治疗的患者。

再灌注损伤,尤其是再灌注性水肿,会减少血栓切除术的获益。然而,探讨再灌注和脑水肿之间关系的研究得出了矛盾的结果。啮齿动物和灵长类动物的研究显示再灌注会促进水肿的发生。相反,一些研究发现成功再灌注可以减少水肿的发生。另外,有研究发现永久性闭塞与恶心水肿有关。不过,据我们所知,这些研究都不包括采用高效血栓切除装置的EVT患者。

2018年4月来自麻省总医院的Kimberly等在JAMA Neurology上公布了他们的研究结果,他们利用MR CLEAN研究的数据,探讨了再灌注状态与脑水肿之间的关系。(MR CLEAN为前瞻性,多中心,随机临床试验,比较了前循环急性缺血性卒中采用血管内治疗和传统治疗的差异。)

预后指标包括存在或不存在中线移位,或中线移位的连续变化。血管内治疗组采用mTICI分级评价再灌注状态。改良动脉闭塞评分(modified arterial occlusive lesion score)用于评价两组的再通状态。采用90天mRS评价功能预后。

共462例患者。成功再灌注和成功再通皆与降低中线移位(midline shift,MLS)的可能性有关(adjusted common odds ratio, 0.25; 95%CI, 0.12-0.53; P < 0.001 and adjusted common odds ratio, 0.34; 95%CI, 0.21-0.55; P < 0.001, respectively)。对于未再灌注或未再通的患者,中线移位对恶化mRS评分起到了一定作用。对于延迟再灌注或较低ASPECTS评分者,MLS对恶化mRS起到了一定作用。

最终作者认为成功再灌注与MLS减少有关。该研究提示再灌注有利于减轻脑水肿,有利于挽救缺血脑组织。

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    2018-12-17 heli0118
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    2018-05-08 易水河

    学习学习.知之为知之

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    2018-05-06 小华子
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    2018-05-04 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了.长知识

    0

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作者 杨中华  首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院 大面积梗死的患者经过再灌注治疗往往预后不良,甚至再灌注性水肿或出血。ASPECTS评分是一项10分评分系统,评价平扫脑CT预先设定前循环区域的脑实质低密度作为早期缺血性特征。在几项大型急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗的随机临床试验中,采用这项评分标准作为影像学纳入标准。ASPECTS评分能够识别哪些急性缺血性卒中能够从再灌注治疗中获益,或有害。

Eur Radiol:急性缺血性脑卒中后再灌注会增加血脑屏障破坏可逆性的几率

介于血液和脑组织之间的对物质通过有选择性阻碍作用的动态界面,由脑的连续毛细血管内皮及其细胞间的紧密连接、完整的基膜、周细胞以及星形胶质细胞脚板围成的神经胶质膜构成,其中内皮是血脑屏障的主要结构。本研究旨在发现有无再灌注的情况下,急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)血脑屏障通透性(BBBP)的早期改变,以及是否BBBP能够预测临床预后,并将结果发表在Eur Radiol上。

缩短心肌总缺血时间 实现早期再灌注

不久前欧洲心脏病学会(ESC)在西班牙巴塞罗那发布了新版ST段抬高型急性心梗(STEMI)管理指南。该文件根据新证据对2012年版指南进行了补充,同时对以往的部分推荐进行了修订。

Stroke:基线弥散加权成像病变体积较大卒中的再灌注治疗结局

再灌注治疗时,人们常常会除外弥散加权成像(DWI)体积较大的卒中患者。Stroke发表一项有关THRACE研究(卒中后单用阿替普酶及阿替普酶联合机械取栓的对比研究)的亚组分析评估DWI体积> 70 ml的卒中患者基线参数与结局的相关性。