Neurol Clin Pract:多巴胺激动剂治疗最小意识状态

2019-01-12 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

各种不同的报道发现多巴胺能激动剂能够改善意识障碍。其机制作者认为是多巴胺对网状激活系统的刺激作用。在脑出血早期,脑水肿损伤了多巴胺能通路。多巴胺激动剂能够改善最小意识状态,即使患者无帕金森的症状。

62岁,女性。

小脑后下动脉破裂,脑室出血(以四脑室为主伴临近结构水肿)和急性脑积水:



GCS 3分,查体发现左侧偏瘫,角膜和眼前庭反射消失。给予地塞米松(4mg q6h)和甘露醇(初次1g/kg,随后0.5g/kg q6h)。同时双侧脑室外引流,分别于置管第9天和15天拔除引流管。

复查头 CT 显示脑室出血和脑积水减轻(下图):



第2天和8天TCD未见血管痉挛。第14、21和28天连续脑电图未见发作性电活动。入院第34天成功栓塞动脉瘤。

入院第20天诊断为最小意识状态,此时患者能够准确执行伸舌命令;JEK Coma Scale-Revised(CRS-R) 评分5/23分。3周后患者恢复变慢。

开始给予左旋多巴/卡比多巴(息宁片)100/25mg 口服 Tid。4天后患着能够自主睁眼,手运动改善。3天后,上下肢远端肌力提高到4+/5。8天后,开始能用词语表达(CRS-R 14/23)。4周后,患者能够用手势交流。逐渐减量左旋多巴/卡比多巴,但是患者的交流能力逐渐下降,随后恢复到原来的剂量,患者的交流能力再次恢复。未发现药物的副作用。

各种不同的报道发现多巴胺能激动剂能够改善意识障碍。其机制作者认为是多巴胺对网状激活系统的刺激作用。在脑出血早期,脑水肿损伤了多巴胺能通路。多巴胺激动剂能够改善最小意识状态,即使患者无帕金森的症状。

原始出处:
Ernesto Bancalari, Alejandro Rabinstein, Francisco Machiavello, et al. Accelerated emergence from a nontraumatic minimally conscious state with levodopa/carbidopa. Neurology: Clinical Practice. December 2018.

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    2019-08-03 yinhl1978
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    2019-01-13 一个字-牛

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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    2019-01-12 王秀

    学习了,涨知识了!

    0