Neurology CP:服用华发林者自发和创伤颅内出血的特点

2018-09-17 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

颅内出血是口服抗凝剂(oral anticoagulation,OAC)最可怕的并发症,常遗留严重持久残疾,死亡率高。服用华发林的房颤患者颅内出血的发生率为每年 0.37 - 0.85%。以前的报道显示OAC期间发生的颅内出血大部分(73 - 93%)为自发出血,尽管采取了逆转抗凝的措施死亡率仍然很高。老年、虚弱、合并症以及联合使用其他药物等都会增加跌倒和创伤出血的风险。房颤患者停用OAC的主要原


颅内出血是口服抗凝剂(oral anticoagulation,OAC)最可怕的并发症,常遗留严重持久残疾,死亡率高。服用华发林的房颤患者颅内出血的发生率为每年 0.37 - 0.85%。以前的报道显示OAC期间发生的颅内出血大部分(73 - 93%)为自发出血,尽管采取了逆转抗凝的措施死亡率仍然很高。老年、虚弱、合并症以及联合使用其他药物等都会增加跌倒和创伤出血的风险。房颤患者停用OAC的主要原因是担心颅内出血,特别是老年人。另一方面,合并其他疾病的老年患者更容易发生血栓并发症。

2018年8月来自芬兰的Heidi Lehtola等在Neurology: Clinical Practice上发表了他们的研究结果,目的在于探讨OAC的房颤患者发生创伤和自发性颅内出血的流行病学和临床特征以及预后。

该研究为多中心FibStroke登记研究,共纳入了5629例患者,服用华发林期间共发生592次颅内出血。

很大一部分(40%)颅内出血的病因为创伤。在这些患者中,64%为硬膜下出血,20%为脑出血。对于自发性出血,25%为硬膜下出血,67%为脑出血。与自发性出血相比,创伤性脑出血的患者年龄更大(81 vs 78岁,P = 0.01),充血性心力衰竭(30% vs 16%,P < 0.01)和贫血(7% vs 3%,P = 0.03)更常见。两组入院时INR(2.7 vs 2.7,P = 0.79)、CHA2DS2-VAS评分(平均4 vs 4,P = 0.08)和HAS-BLED评分(平均2 vs 2,P = 0.05)相似。创伤性出血的30天死亡率明显低于自发性出血(25% vs 36%,P < 0.01)。

最终作者认为对于抗凝治疗的房颤患者,很大一部分颅内出血为创伤所致。创伤性出血主意以硬膜下出血为主,与自发性出血相比死亡率较低。

原始出处:

LEHTOLA, HEIDI,et al.Traumatic and spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in atrial fibrillation patients on warfarin.Neurol Clin Pract. 2018 Aug;8(4):311-317. doi: 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000491.

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    2018-09-17 liumin1987

    服用华法林颅内出血的特点。

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