2019 ESMO|ripretinib或可成为经重度治疗的GIST患者的标准治疗

2019-10-13 佚名 肿瘤资讯

在经过伊马替尼、舒尼替尼和瑞格非尼多线标准治疗之后,胃肠间质瘤(GIST)患者往往面临无药可医的困境,2019年ESMO大会上,来自美国Fox Chase肿瘤中心的Margaret von Mehren教授口头汇报了INVICTUS随机双盲临床研究(LBA87),揭示了口服激酶开关调控抑制剂ripretinib对于该类患者的无进展生存(PFS)及总生存(OS)获益,为既往接受过重度治疗的GIST患

在经过伊马替尼、舒尼替尼和瑞格非尼多线标准治疗之后,肠间质瘤(GIST)患者往往面临无药可医的困境,2019年ESMO大会上,来自美国Fox Chase肿瘤中心的Margaret von Mehren教授口头汇报了INVICTUS随机双盲临床研究(LBA87),揭示了口服激酶开关调控抑制剂ripretinib对于该类患者的无进展生存(PFS)及总生存(OS)获益,为既往接受过重度治疗的GIST患者带来了希望和转机。在ESMO现场,特邀Margaret von Mehren教授,对INVICTUS研究进行解读

GIST的困境:经重度治疗的患者几乎无药可医

在大多数国家,接受了标准治疗的GIST患者通常接受过以下3种药物的治疗:伊马替尼、舒尼替尼和瑞格非尼。经过这些治疗后,肿瘤会产生耐药突变,从而使疾病变得更为复杂。接受过这3种药物治疗的患者在耐药之后,再无其他标准治疗可选择,有些患者会尝试加入临床试验,也有一些零星的报道显示其他药物有些许的疗效。总而言之,治疗需求远未被满足,大量患者亟需新的治疗方法。因此,我们的INVICTUS研究评估了新药ripretinib是否可以使这类没有其他治疗方法的患者获益,ripretinib是一种肿瘤驱动突变激酶抑制剂,但作用方式与其他激酶抑制剂大不相同。

ripretinib可能成为经重度治疗的GIST患者的标准疗法

INVICTUS研究共入组129例晚期GIST患者,先前至少接受过伊马替尼、舒尼替尼和瑞戈非尼治疗,按2∶1随机给予ripretinib或安慰剂治疗,主要终点是PFS,即患者在肿瘤恶化之前活了多久,结果非常激动人心。治疗组较安慰剂组显着改善PFS,中位PFS分别为6.3个月和1个月,疾病进展或死亡风险降低85%(HR=0.15,P<0.0001),数据相当惊人。研究也观察了药物在缩小肿瘤方面的疗效,结果ripretinib组的缓解率是9.4%,略高于我们所看到的其他二、三线药物,虽然尚未进行头对头的比较,但是未来不管结果是更好还是更坏,这应该都是一个有趣的议题。除此之外我们也观察了OS结果,由于试验设计方面的原因我们还无法声称结果具有统计学意义,但临床意义是很明显的,治疗组的中位OS 15.1个月,安慰剂组仅6.6个月(HR=0.36;名义P=0.0004),这是第一项真正观察到OS改善的GIST研究。我认为我们的研究结果反映了这样一个事实,就是在这种情况下,那些不能接受积极治疗的患者疾病进展确实很快。最后我们也观察了药物的安全性,ripretinib安全性好、耐受性佳,副作用大多轻微,常见于其他药物的副作用如血细胞计数减少和肠道反应等发生率低。我们观察到一个有意思的现象,部分患者会出现脱发,但大都不是完全性脱发,并且在服药期间头发会重新长出来,头发会更卷更厚。许多用于GIST的药物有时会引起手足皮肤反应,ripretinib这方面的问题更轻微,大多数患者不需要改变剂量,而且毒性级别低。

INVICTUS研究表明,ripretinib可能成为经重度治疗的GIST患者的标准疗法,虽然目前还有很多工作尚待进行,但我认为这些数据足以使患者在药物可及的情况下帮助他们活得更长,活得更好,即使疾病已进入晚期。

ripretinib通过独特作用机制克服耐药

:ripretinib的独特之处在于其独特的作用机制。我们使用的很多其他药物都是通过抑制激活激酶的ATP作用于激酶,ripretinib是通过与激酶的两个位点的结构结合来阻止激酶打开开关,本质上是固定激酶使其不能被激活,正是其独特的作用机制,使得在使用其他药物出现耐药突变的情况下,ripretinib仍能发挥作用。

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    2020-09-12 ysjykql
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    2020-04-29 liuhuangbo
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    2019-10-15 zhang92560
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