我国完成耐多药结核病全解析

2018-11-14 王潇雨 健康报

中国科学院北京基因组研究所陈非研究组与首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院暨国家结核病临检实验室许绍发、黄海荣课题组合作,针对我国首次“全国结核病耐药性基线调查”采集的4600份样本所获取的357株耐多药结核病菌株,进行了大规模基因组测序。

中国科学院北京基因组研究所陈非研究组与首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院暨国家结核病临检实验室许绍发、黄海荣课题组合作,针对我国首次“全国结核病耐药性基线调查”采集的4600份样本所获取的357株耐多药结核病菌株,进行了大规模基因组测序,并结合迄今为止最全面的抗生素药敏实验(18种抗结核药物)和流调数据,揭示了中国耐多药结核病的流行病学特征、耐药特征、特有耐药基因和单核苷酸多态性(SNPs),及该菌株在我国的扩张历史。样本覆盖全国31个省(区、市)70个区、县、市,是对我国耐多药结核病的一次全面解析研究。该成果论文近日在线发表在国际期刊《临床传染病》上。

研究者指出,我国耐多药结核病耐药形势十分严峻。我国50%以上的耐多药菌株同时耐5种以上抗结核药物。精确检验7个行政区耐多药菌株联合耐药模式发现,5种一线药具有高频的共耐药模式。

科研人员还结合耐药表型与基因型数据,筛选到42个耐药相关的SNPs和44个耐药相关基因,其中31个耐药相关基因为本次研究首次发现,为耐药结核诊治提供了新靶标。

研究人员对18种抗结核药物在耐多药菌株中耐药率计算发现,一线抗结核药物中吡嗪酰胺的耐药率最低,二线抗结核药物中贝达喹啉(0.8%)、德拉马尼(1.4%)和利奈唑胺(2.8%)的耐药率较低,这3种药也是目前世界卫生组织优先推荐用于耐多药结核病治疗的药物。

研究特别指出,从2000年到2006年,我国耐多药结核病种群数量增长得到了有效控制,并在2006年以后呈明显下降趋势,这主要得益于我国政府在政策、资金等方面加大了对结核病防控治的支持。该研究为我国耐药结核的精准诊治提供了坚实的数据及理论基础,并对全球耐药结核防控提供有益的借鉴及参考。

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    2019-08-12 hongbochen
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    2018-11-14 wxl882001

    学习一下

    0