15例应激性心肌病诊治经验:11例ST段抬高,一例80岁老人生气后再犯

2019-06-23 卢芳 中国循环杂志

应激性心肌病,最初被日本学者所描述,对于国人,都有哪些特点?阜外医院张峻、罗晓亮等对阜外医院确诊的15例应激性心肌病进行了总结:应激性心肌病患者常有超声心动图节段性室壁运动异常及室壁瘤样改变,伴有NT-proBNP明显增高。

应激性心肌病,最初被日本学者所描述,对于国人,都有哪些特点?阜外医院张峻、罗晓亮等对阜外医院确诊的15例应激性心肌病进行了总结:应激性心肌病患者常有超声心动图节段性室壁运动异常及室壁瘤样改变,伴有NT-proBNP明显增高。

研究发现,应激性心肌病发病初期NT-proBNP水平明显增高,经系统治疗后可明显下降,变化较同期心肌梗死患者更显着。

15例患者中,11例患者表现为一过性ST段抬高,继之出现T波倒置,4例患者表现为一过性ST段压低伴T波倒置。

作者称,应激性心肌病患者发作初期多伴有心电图异常,通常与急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死中所见相似,不同之处是很难根据心电图改变定位犯罪血管,ST段抬高常见,最常出现在胸前导联,V5、V6导联易受累,这与该研究一致,本研究中仅有一例患者为肢体导联单独受累。

14例患者行冠状动脉造影检查,1例患者发现前降支冠脉肌桥,收缩期压缩50%,4例患者冠脉造影未见狭窄,9例患者发现冠状动脉粥样斑块形成,狭窄程度<50%。9例同期行左心室造影,发现有心尖部球形样变。

不过,鉴于其中1例患者2年后争吵复发再次住院,研究者建议要注意出院前宣教,警惕复发。

这项研究共分析了15例应激性心肌病患者,其中女性居多为13例。入院时,患者平均左心室射血分数为44.8%,NT-proBNP平均为2429.10 pg/ml。

在入院治疗后,平均左心室射血分数提升为62.9%,NT-proBNP平均为715.14 pg/ml。

值得注意的是,一项发表在Ciruclation上的研究显示,应激性心肌病长期预后差,持续存在亚临床心肌功能障碍相关的症状和心功能损害。

张峻、罗晓亮等强调,应激性心肌病在临床并不少见,在怀疑心梗而冠脉造影相对正常时,要给与鉴别,对这类患者治疗上强调对症,出院宣教很重要,另外要定时随诊,避免诱因。

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    2019-06-25 gdsun
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    2019-06-25 hyf035

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