彩色多普勒超声诊断右冠状动脉右房瘘合并右房内冠状动脉瘤1例

2019-12-13 王南 任卫东 临床超声医学杂志

患者男,28岁,因心悸于外院超声检查发现右房基底部于上腔静脉入口处见44mm×41mm囊性无回声区。经我院心脏超声心动图检查:全心大,右冠状动脉扩张(图1),根部宽约20mm,自前向后上走行至右房顶部,进入右房内形成局部较大瘤样回声,大小约43mm×41mm;CDFI示主动脉内血流自主动脉右窦经右冠状动脉瘘入右房,在右房内形成瘤样扩张,其内形成环状血流并在其上方可见一破口,约7mm(图2);脉冲多

患者男,28岁,因心悸于外院超声检查发现右房基底部于上腔静脉入口处见44mm×41mm囊性无回声区。经我院心脏超声心动图检查:全心大,右冠状动脉扩张(图1),根部宽约20mm,自前向后上走行至右房顶部,进入右房内形成局部较大瘤样回声,大小约43mm×41mm;CDFI示主动脉内血流自主动脉右窦经右冠状动脉瘘入右房,在右房内形成瘤样扩张,其内形成环状血流并在其上方可见一破口,约7mm(图2);脉冲多普勒于冠状动脉内探及全心动周期高速右冠状动脉至右房分流信号,分流峰速约4.2m/s。超声诊断:右冠状动脉-右房瘘;右房内冠状动脉呈瘤样扩张。


图1 左室长轴切面示右冠状动脉起始部扩张(RV:右室;RCA:右冠状动脉;AO:主动脉;LV:左室;LA:左房)


图2CDFI示右冠状动脉远端于右房内形成瘤样扩张,其上可见破口(RV:右室;RA:右房;CAA:冠状动脉瘤;LA:左房)
 
CTA检查:右冠状动脉瘤样扩张,最大内径47mm×46mm,瘘口最大横径约10mm(图3)。CTA诊断:右优势型冠状动脉;右冠状动脉扩张,与右房相连。


图3 CTA示扩张的右冠状动脉与右房相连,并形成瘤样扩张(AO:主动脉;CAA:冠状动脉瘤;RCA:右冠状动脉)
 
讨论:
 
冠状动脉瘘是罕见的先天性心脏病,为冠状动脉的主干或其分支与某心腔或血管的异常通道,病因不明,大多认为在心脏原始发育的过程中,心肌窦状间隙逐渐退化变细形成Thebesion静脉,当某种原因导致心肌间小梁部窦状间隙不退化而持续存在时,即可形成冠状动脉瘘。
 
本例患者起初因心悸于外院误诊为心脏占位,原因可能是未找到右房内异常血流的起源,只有追踪到异常血流的起源和走行才能做出准确诊断。冠状动脉瘘合并冠状动脉瘤极为罕见,临床表现除出现劳力性呼吸困难和乏力,还可出现冠状动脉痉挛、冠状动脉瘤破裂、冠状动脉瘤血栓及栓塞。冠状动脉瘤无论是单纯性还是继发于冠状动脉瘘,一经确诊均需手术治疗。
 
超声可以探测到扩张的冠状动脉和瘘入部位的环形无回声区;CDFI可以探测异常血流的起源、走行及瘘入部位,同时可以观察冠状动脉内径的变化及有无血栓生成及狭窄,为后续治疗提供可靠依据。
 
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    2019-12-13 天地飞扬

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充足的血流供因对腰椎正常功能的维持非常重要:骨间的毛细血管血供来源于腰动脉;椎间盘的学运来源于骨间的毛细血管网;上述血管血运的破坏可以导致椎间盘及其它重要结构的血供障碍,从而产生相应疾病状态。有学者认为,腹部大动脉的粥样斑块等病变可以导致腰动脉血运减少,从而诱发椎间盘退变及腰痛,因此对腰部血管血流动力学的研究有助于临床医生更好的理解它们和椎间盘退变,腰痛等相关性。 目前关于正常人群和腰痛人群的腰

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克罗地亚斯普利特大学医院中心眼科的LesinM等人近日在Acta Clin Croat上发表了一项重要工作。甲状腺相关眼眶病(TAO)是一种格雷夫斯病的常见表现。在TAO中约有6%的患者会发展为甲状腺功能亢进性视神经病变(DON),而这是TAO最严重的并发症。该研究的目的就是研究其发生过程。

JCEM:彩色多普勒超声对甲状腺结节患儿的诊断准确性!

由此可见,超声检查对甲状腺结节的评估很有用,但是发现没有超声特征的组合足以在没有活检的情况下排除甲状腺癌。

Int Ophthalmol.:减肥手术对肥胖患者眼球后血液动力学参数的影响:多普勒彩超研究!

土耳其安塔利亚研究医院放射科的?eki? B近日在Int Ophthalmol.杂志上发表了一项重要的工作。他们在进行减肥手术的患者中,用彩色多普勒超声(CDU)的方法研究了体重减轻对眼球后血流动力学的影响,并使用高德曼眼压测量法测量眼内压(IOP)的变化。

J Rheumatol:彩色多普勒超声评估炎性腰痛患者骶髂关节的价值

CDUS在检测骶髂关节炎方面显示出足够的诊断性能,是IBP患者中的有用工具。

彩色多普勒超声引导结合CT三维重建三叉神经痛眶下孔穿刺射频热凝手术1例

患者,女,53岁,因右侧颜面部口角外侧发作性电击样疼痛15日到我院就诊。患者入院前在当地医院就诊,口服卡马西平(1片/日)1周后出现头晕、呕吐。患者到我院就诊后,查体:意识清,右侧颜面口唇上方口角部位触痛阳性,VAS疼痛评分为9分,扳机点为右侧鼻唇沟近鼻小柱处,疼痛突发突止,每次发作时间少于1分钟,患者在刷牙或进食时可诱发出疼痛。头部核磁共振检查未见颅内占位病变。患者诊断为原发三叉神经痛(右侧第二