Stroke:危险因素叠加致卒中复发风险倍增(CICAS研究)

2014-02-20 佚名 健康报

目前我国每年新发脑卒中病例约250万人,约175万人为缺血性脑卒中患者,其中近半数缺血性脑卒中患者合并颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄,约为81万人。这一结论来自于国家“十一五”课题中国颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄研究。该研究结果日前已在国际知名学术期刊《卒中》上发表。 此项研究是亚洲第一个关于颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄分布及预后的大型、前瞻性、多中心队列研究,共纳入22家医疗机构、2

目前我国每年新发脑卒中病例约250万人,约175万人为缺血性脑卒中患者,其中近半数缺血性脑卒中患者合并颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄,约为81万人。这一结论来自于国家“十一五”课题中国颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄研究。该研究结果日前已在国际知名学术期刊《卒中》上发表。

此项研究是亚洲第一个关于颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄分布及预后的大型、前瞻性、多中心队列研究,共纳入22家医疗机构、2864名罹患缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作的患者。头颅核磁共振血管成像检查结果显示,46.6%的患者合并颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄(狭窄率超过50%)。颅内外同时存在病变的患者占9%,单纯颈动脉狭窄患者占4%。

该课题负责人、首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院副院长王拥军教授介绍,研究显示,合并颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄的患者与单纯缺血性卒中患者相比,卒中更为严重,且住院时间更长,前者平均住院时间为16天,后者为14天。

研究还表明,颅内外动脉粥样硬化显著增加卒中再发风险。对于无颅内动脉狭窄的患者,一年后卒中再发比例为3.27%;狭窄程度为50%~69%、70%~99%的患者,一年后卒中再发风险分别为3.82%和5.16%,对于颅内动脉完全闭塞的患者,一年后卒中再发风险高达7.27%。研究提示,包括动脉狭窄程度在内,年龄、卒中家族史、既往罹患脑缺血、心血管疾病等均为一年卒中复发的独立危险因素。

王拥军说,此次研究发现,单纯的颅内动脉硬化狭窄并不会引起脑卒中的复发增加。而一旦叠加上述独立危险因素,症状性颅内动脉狭窄发生卒中复发的几率大大增加。例如,对于颅内动脉完全闭塞的患者,合并1个危险因素,年复发率为2.87%;合并两个危险因素,几率增为10.54%;合并3个危险因素,年复发率增加至19.05%。这就意味着,在治疗颅内动脉硬化时,单纯使用支架或其他方式来解除狭窄对脑卒中二级预防是无效的,只有同时控制危险因素才有效。

王拥军表示,颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄尚无有效治疗方法,也未引起公众及医务人员足够重视。尽管目前纳入研究的多数患者已普遍使用抗血小板药物、降压药物、他汀类药物等,但罹患严重颅内动脉狭窄且合并多重危险因素的患者,其卒中年复发率仍居高不下,由此提示,加强危险因素预防仍是未来我国脑卒中防控工作的重中之重。

原始出处:

Wang Y, Zhao X, Liu L, Soo YO, Pu Y, Pan Y, Wang Y, Zou X, Leung TW, Cai Y, Bai Q, Wu Y, Wang C, Pan X, Luo B, Wong KS; for the CICAS Study Group; Additional members of the CICAS study group are as follows:.Prevalence and Outcomes of Symptomatic Intracranial Large Artery Stenoses and Occlusions in China: The Chinese Intracranial Atherosclerosis (CICAS) Study.Stroke. 2014 Jan 30. 

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    2014-02-22 手留余香
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    2014-02-22 yaanren