Gut:在酒精性肝病中,黏膜相关恒定T细胞将肠道免疫与抗菌免疫缺陷联系在一起

2017-11-23 MedSci MedSci原创

在ALD中,MAIT细胞的抗菌能力由于与微生物产物和微生物菌的接触而受到损害,这表明了肠渗透导致MAIT细胞功能障碍和对导致这些患者的感染易感性。

研究背景:在酒精性肝病的免疫病理过程中,肠道通透性是核心,然而,与肠道免疫的联系仍然是难以捉摸的。在肝脏、血液和肠黏膜中发现了黏膜相关恒定T细胞(MAIT),MAIT是抗菌宿主防御的关键组成部分。

研究方法和背景:研究分析了严重酒精性肝炎(SAH)、酒精相关肝硬化(ARC)和健康人群(HC)血中MAIT出现的频率、表型、转录调控及功能。研究还分析了乙醇、来自粪便提取物中的细菌产物/抗原对MAIT功能的直接影响。分别使用定量PCR和免疫组织化学/基因表达检测结肠和肝脏中的MAIT细胞数量。

研究结果:在严重酒精性肝炎(SAH)、酒精相关肝硬化(ARC)患者中,MAIT细胞显著地被消耗,超活化并显示有缺陷的抗菌细胞因子/细胞毒性反应。这与谱系特异性转录因子的抑制和归巢受体的高表达有关。

严重酒精性肝炎(SAH)患者,这些改变更为强烈,SAH患者细菌感染和微生物移位的替代指标高于ARC患者。体外乙醇暴露,体内酒精戒断和大肠杆菌的治疗对MAIT细胞频率没有影响,而暴露于粪便细菌/抗原引起的功能性损伤可与ALD患者血MAIT细胞和显著的MAIT细胞消耗相比较,而在其他T细胞室中没有观察到。

研究结论:在ALD中,MAIT细胞的抗菌能力由于与微生物产物和微生物菌的接触而受到损害,这表明了肠渗透导致MAIT细胞功能障碍和对导致这些患者的感染易感性。

原始出处:

Riva A, Patel V, Kurioka A, et al. Mucosa-associated invariant T cells link intestinal immunity with antibacterial immune defects in alcoholic liver disease. Gut, 2017, Nov 2. pii: gutjnl-2017-314458. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314458.

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    2017-11-25 snowpeakxu

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