Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol:多学科讨论:他汀可使慢性肝病患者获益

2017-11-01 常路 环球医学

慢性肝病(CLDs)是全世界发病率和死亡率的重要原因。目前,没有预防或逆转肝功能失代偿的药物。他汀类药物是一类正在研究的以确定其对CLDs进展和失代偿影响的药物。2017年10月,发表在《Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol》的一项系统评价和Meta分析评估了他汀和CLDs患者肝硬化及相关并发症风险之间的相关性。

慢性肝病(CLDs)是全世界发病率和死亡率的重要原因。目前,没有预防或逆转肝功能失代偿的药物。他汀类药物是一类正在研究的以确定其对CLDs进展和失代偿影响的药物。2017年10月,发表在《Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol》的一项系统评价和Meta分析评估了他汀和CLDs患者肝硬化及相关并发症风险之间的相关性。请看本期多学科讨论组临床药师各抒己见为您梳理本文看点——

背景和目的:他汀在降低CLDs的风险和并发症上具有差异。研究人员进行了一项系统评价和Meta分析,旨在评估他汀和CLDs患者肝硬化及相关并发症风险之间的相关性。

方法:通过系统检索截止到2017年3月的文献,研究人员纳入13项CLDs成年患者的研究(3项随机试验,10项队列研究),这些研究报道了他汀使用和肝硬化进展、失代偿性肝硬化、门静脉高压的改善、死亡风险之间的相关性。使用随机效应模型计算合并相对风险(RR)及其95%可信区间。使用GRADE标准评估证据质量。

结果:121058例CLDs患者中(84.5%为丙肝),46%暴露于他汀。肝硬化患者中,他汀使用与肝功能失代偿风险降低46%相关(4项研究;RR,0.54;95% CI,0.46~0.62;I2=0%;中等质量证据),与死亡风险降低46%相关(5项研究;RR,0.54;95% CI,0.47~0.61;I2=10%;中等质量证据)。无肝硬化的CLD患者中,他汀使用与肝硬化或肝纤维化进展风险的相关性不显着(5项研究;RR,0.42;95% CI,0.16~1.11;I2=99%;非常低质量证据)。3项随机对照试验中,他汀使用与静脉曲张破裂出血或门静脉高压进展风险降低27%相关(风险比,0.73;95% CI,0.59~0.91;I2=0%;中等质量证据)。

结论:基于系统评价和Meta分析,他汀使用或与CLDs患者肝功能失代偿和死亡风险降低相关,并可降低门静脉高压。需要进行前瞻性观察性研究和随机对照试验来证实这些结果。

多学科讨论记实:

该系统评价的优点包括:(a)全面系统的文献检索和明确的纳入标准;(b)定量和定性评估CLDs患者预定义亚组中几项临床相关结局;(c)基于GRADE的质量评估,以便有效地将结果转化为临床指南。

不过,该研究也存在以下局限性:首先,证据是基于对若干临床结局的观察性研究。观察性研究缺乏实验性随机分配的干预措施,以便最佳地测试暴露结果假设。尽管调整了许多协变量,但不可能消除残留混杂的可能。第二,一些结果观察到相当大的异质性,包括纤维化或肝硬化进展的风险和死亡率。第三,对于相同的混杂变量,研究没有一致调整;只有6项研究进行倾向得分匹配。此外,根据结果,特定的混杂因素可能更为相关。第四,一些研究依赖行政法规,其对CLDs、肝硬化和相关并发症的表现可能是不可靠的。最后,由于研究数量较小,未进行小的研究效果的统计检验;鉴于该领域的不利情况,可能存在报告偏倚风险。

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    2017-12-11 许安
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    2017-11-03 gwc384
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