PLoS Pathog:这种新型分子或是HIV患者真正存活的希望!

2017-10-06 sunshine2015 来宝网

目前的抗艾滋病毒药物在使艾滋病毒感染不可检测方面非常有效,并使患有病毒的人寿命更长,更健康。用于治疗的一类称为抗逆转录病毒疗法的药物也大大减少了人与人之间传播的机会。

研究人员创造出能够踢杀艾滋病毒的分子】目前的抗艾滋病毒药物在使艾滋病毒感染不可检测方面非常有效,并使患有病毒的人寿命更长,更健康。用于治疗的一类称为抗逆转录病毒疗法的药物也大大减少了人与人之间传播的机会。

但是药物并没有真正消除体内病毒,它具有通过在称为CD4 + T细胞的细胞中休眠而排除药物的能力,这种细胞发出信号指示另一种类型的T细胞CD8来破坏HIV感染的细胞。当艾滋病毒感染者停止治疗时,病毒会在身体中出现并复制,从而削弱免疫系统,并增加机会性感染的可能性或可能使病人感染致死的癌症。

研究人员一直在寻找消除病毒隐藏的“储库”的方法,加州大学洛杉矶分校,斯坦福大学和美国国立卫生研究院的研究人员可能已经开发出一种解决方案。他们的做法包括利用某种试剂“唤醒”休眠病毒,导致其开始复制,以免免疫系统或病毒本身会杀死携带艾滋病毒的细胞。

科学家称之为“踢杀”技术。

摧毁储层细胞可以将部分或全部艾滋病病毒从感染者中清除。尽管科学家的方法尚未在人类中进行测试,但根据9月21日在同行评议的PLOS病原体杂志上发表的一项研究,他们开发的合成分子已经有效地踢杀了实验动物的艾滋病毒。

加州大学洛杉矶分校大卫·杰芬医学院血液肿瘤学系助理教授马修·马斯登(Matthew Marsden)说:“潜伏的艾滋病病毒储存库非常稳定,如果患者因任何原因停止服用抗逆转录病毒药物,便可以重新启动病毒复制。研究的主要作者说道: “我们的研究表明,当患者服用抗逆转录病毒药物以防止病毒扩散时,可能存在活化潜在病毒的手段,并且这可能会消除至少一些潜在的储库。”

为了测试方法,研究人员向已经感染艾滋病毒的小鼠给予抗逆转录病毒药物,然后斯坦福大学开发了一种名为SUW133的合成化合物,以激活小鼠的休眠HIV。高达25%的开始表达HIV的休眠细胞在激活后24小时内死亡。

随着进一步的发展,该技术可以使艾滋病毒感染者能够停止其抗病毒治疗足够的病毒储存库,马斯登说。

SUW133是基于苔藓抑制素1,一种从海洋动物中提取的天然化合物,称为Bugula neritina。研究确定新化合物的毒性低于天然存在的毒素。

加芬大学加菲洛教育学院微生物学,免疫学和分子遗传学系教授兼主席、加州大学洛杉矶分校艾滋病研究中心的资深作者Jerome Zack说:“研究结果非常重要,因为之前激活潜伏病毒的几次尝试的成功只能取得有限的成果。” “大多数研究表明,病毒活化较弱,毒性严重,对储库影响不大。”

马斯登说,小鼠的结果不一定会转化为人类。在进一步的研究中,科学家计划学习如何使SUW133的毒性更小,并评估其在大型动物中的有效性,然后才能在人体中进行测试。

研究的其他作者是加州大学洛杉矶分校的吴小蒙和克里斯蒂娜·拉米雷斯; Brian Loy,Adam Schrier,Akira Shimizu,Steven Ryckbosch,Katherine Near和Stanford的Paul Wender;以及NIH国家过敏和传染病研究所的Danielle Murray和Tae-Wook Chun。

原始出处:

Matthew D. Marsden, Brian A. Loy, Xiaomeng Wu, et al. In vivo activation of latent HIV with a synthetic bryostatin analog effects both latent cell "kick" and "kill" in strategy for virus eradication. PLoS Pathog 13(9): e1006575. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006575

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    2017-11-12 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    学习学习.了解了解

    0

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    2017-10-12 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    学习学习.了解了解

    0

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    2017-10-09 yfjms

    学习了

    0

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    2017-10-06 hhh678

    henhao

    0

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