Science:新发现的脑干细胞可更有效进行大脑修复!

2018-04-08 佚名 “细胞”微信号

来自英国剑桥大学威康信托基金会/癌症研究中心的科学家们已经发现了大脑中一种新的干细胞可以在脑损伤或者疾病之后帮助大脑进行修复。

来自英国剑桥大学威康信托基金会/癌症研究中心的科学家们已经发现了大脑中一种新的干细胞可以在脑损伤或者疾病之后帮助大脑进行修复。

再生医学的主要目标之一就是在大脑发生如中风、阿尔兹海默症等疾病或者衰老导致的损伤之后有效修复大脑。大脑本身自我修复的能力很差,但是通过靶向病人大脑中的干细胞也许可以不通过手术对病人大脑进行修复。干细胞具有产生大脑所有细胞的能力,但是在正常情况下保持静息状态。静息状态的细胞不会增殖产生新细胞。因此,任何靶向干细胞的再生医学疗法必须首先将这些干细胞唤醒。

在一项近日发表在《Science》上的研究中,博士生Leo Otsuki及其导师Andrea Brand教授报道他们发现了一种新的静息干细胞(叫做G2静息干细胞),在再生医学领域的潜力高于此前发现的任何静息干细胞。更重要的是,G2静息干细胞苏醒后可以比其他干细胞更快产生大脑中的关键细胞——神经元和神经胶质细胞,这使得它们成为了治疗设计中更有吸引力的靶细胞。

“大脑本身并不能进行自身修复,但是这些新发现的干细胞表明也许我们有方法提高大脑的修复能力。” Brand教授说道。“这些干细胞处于静息状态,但是一旦唤醒,它们就可以产生关键的大脑细胞。”

通过研究果蝇,作者发现了一个叫做tribles的基因可以选择性调控G2静息干细胞。果蝇的DNA与人类DNA有很多相似之处,使得它们成为了研究人类基因很有用的模型。这个tribbles基因在哺乳动物基因组中也有同源基因,在大脑干细胞中表达。研究人员相信靶向tribbles也许是一种唤醒G2静息干细胞的方法。

“我们已经发现了导致这些细胞静息的基因。”Otsuki说道。“接下来的工作就是找到可能的药物分子抑制这个基因,从而唤醒人的干细胞。我们相信其他器官中也有相似的静息干细胞,因此这项发现将推动再生医学的发展和新药开发。”

原始出处:

Otsuki L, Brand AH.Cell cycle heterogeneity directs the timing of neural stem cell activation from quiescence.Science. 2018 Apr 6;360(6384):99-102.

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    2018-04-10 jichang
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    2018-04-09 坚强007

    干细胞前景好

    0

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    2018-04-08 1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称)

    不错的文章值得拥有

    0

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    2018-04-08 zdvfsadb

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