IJC:LAM患者cfDNA中驱动基因和体细胞突变的研究:可能为诊治提供有效的分子标志物及治疗靶点?

2019-06-30 张利 周敏 瞿介明 呼吸界

在上海市重中之重临床重点学科建设项目(2017ZZ02014)和上海市中西医临床协作试点建设项目(ZY(2018-2020)-FWTX-1003)的支持下,上海市瑞金医院呼吸与危重症医学科周敏教授、瞿介明教授团队以及上海市香山中医医院吴家良、王炜教授团队合作,关于LAM患者cfDNA中驱动基因和体细胞突变的研究于2019年6月被International journal of cancer杂志(I

在上海市重中之重临床重点学科建设项目(2017ZZ02014)和上海市中西医临床协作试点建设项目(ZY(2018-2020)-FWTX-1003)的支持下,上海市瑞金医院呼吸与危重症医学科周敏教授、瞿介明教授团队以及上海市香山中医医院吴家良、王炜教授团队合作,关于LAM患者cfDNA中驱动基因和体细胞突变的研究于2019年6月被International journal of cancer杂志(IF=7.36)接收,研究生张利为该文第一作者。

该论文的题目为Identification of driver genes and somatic mutations in cell-free DNA of patients with pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis,研究阐明肺淋巴管平滑肌瘤病(LAM)患者血cfDNA中除TSC1/2基因改变以外,存在着其他体细胞突变及驱动基因改变,其中RAD50和BRCA2基因表达差异更显著,可能为LAM的诊治提供了有效的分子标志物及治疗靶点。该文章张利为第一作者,王铭杰博士并列第一作者;瞿介明教授、周敏教授为共同通讯作者。

研究背景介绍

淋巴管平滑肌瘤病(LAM)是一种好发于育龄期女性,以弥漫性肺部囊性病变为特点的罕见疾病,LAM可以是散发的、部分患者发病与遗传性疾病结节性硬化症(TSC)相关,两者均与TSC1/2突变相关。目前在LAM患者研究中,由于组织标本难以获取,除TSC1/2突变以外基因是否参与发病机制的研究甚少。随着二代测序分析技术在肿瘤学研究领域的广泛应用,cfDNA的基因检测为多种肿瘤提供了靶向治疗的依据,然而,对于LAM的研究尚处于空白阶段。

主要研究内容

课题组采用含有70个肿瘤基因的panel进行深度二代测序检测,分析了23个LAM患者和7个正常人的外周血中cfDNA和gDNA的突变情况,同时对2个LAM患者的组织、乳糜胸水和外周血中的肿瘤细胞亚克隆结构片段(CCF)进行比较分析,明确循环血中cfDNA检测LAM细胞突变的敏感性。通过LAM患者血cfDNA中体细胞基因共发生突变网络分析,筛选出可能存在的基因改变,并根据GEO数据库中基因表达情况证实这些基因可能在LAM发病机制中发挥着一定作用。

重要研究成果

1、LAM组和control组的血cfDNA和gDNA突变比较分析

通过对两组的cfDNA和gDNA突变分析,发现LAM组cfDNA中基因突变更频繁,等位基因突变频率在LAM组的cfDNA和gDNA存在着显著差异,Pearson相关性分析提示cfDNA和gDNA的共突变基因具有明显的相关性。结果表明外周血cfDNA可用来检测LAM体细胞突变。(见图1)



【图1】cfDNA和gDNA比较

2、LAM细胞亚克隆结构在不同样本中的比较分析

为进一步明确外周血cfDNA对检测LAM细胞突变敏感性,我们用PyClone软件分析了配对样本(外周血和组织、外周血和乳糜液及双侧乳糜液)中细胞亚克隆结构片段相关性。结果提示在配对样本中CCF均具有高度的一致性,表明外周血cfDNA具有检测LAM体细胞突变较高的敏感性。(见图2)



【图2】细胞亚克隆结构分析

3、LAM组cfDNA中体细胞共突变基因网络分析

通过过滤分析,我们从LAM组外周血cfDNA中共检测到40个频繁发生的体细胞突变,并通过Chi-squared test筛选出11个关键的驱动基因,其中乳腺癌相关基因BRCA1和BRCA2显示了明显的共突变关系。(见图3)



【图3】基因突变共发生网络分析

4、GEO数据库中驱动基因表达分析

为进一步明确这些驱动基因的表达情况,我们从GEO数据库中分析了14例LAM活检组织和7例Control细胞组的基因表达谱。结果显示11个基因的表达存在着不同程度的差异,PCA主成分分析提示这些基因表达在两组之间存在着明显的差异,并且RAD50和BRCA2基因表达差异更显著。肌生成和雌激素反应相关的通路分析也更好阐释了LAM患者的临床特征。(见图4)



图4】基因表达分析图

总结

外周血cfDNA检测LAM体细胞突变具有较高的敏感性,可能为LAM的诊治提供有效的分子标志物及治疗靶点。

原始出处:
Li Zhang, Ming‐Jie Wang, Wei Wang, et al. Identification of driver genes and somatic mutations in cell‐free DNA of patients with pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis. International Journal of Cancer. Jun 2019.

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    2020-05-02 lxg951
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    2020-01-10 longerg
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