Nat Commun:H7N9感染重症化“奥秘”被发现:流感特异性CD8+T细胞早期扩增

2018-03-10 孙国根 中国医学论坛报

近日,复旦大学附属上海市公共卫生临床中心、复旦大学生物医学研究院双聘教授徐建青临床研究团队与澳大利亚墨尔本大学合作,带领博士后王忠芳和朱凌燕的一项研究表明,急性重症禽流感H7N9 可导致体内CD8+T细胞功能耗竭,从而影响H7N9感染康复。

近日,复旦大学附属上海市公共卫生临床中心、复旦大学生物医学研究院双聘教授徐建青临床研究团队与澳大利亚墨尔本大学合作,带领博士后王忠芳和朱凌燕的一项研究表明,急性重症禽流感H7N9 可导致体内CD8+T细胞功能耗竭,从而影响H7N9感染康复。该研究提示,利用疫苗技术活化抗流感病毒T细胞,是预防禽流感感染重症化的有效途径。该成果已发表在最新一期国际权威期刊《自然·通讯》(Nature Communications)杂志上。

据悉,每年流感流行都容易出现危及生命的并发症甚至死亡。2013年新发现的禽源重组流感病毒H7N9致病率高,病情严重,严重威胁人类健康,尤其危害婴幼儿、老年人、孕妇和肥胖者等高危人群的健康,致死率高达40%以上,因而引起全球的高度关注。徐建青教授团队前期的研究首次发现,特异性免疫细胞CD8+T细胞对人体有临床保护作用,有流感“杀手”之称,而患者死亡的原因是体内不能产生有效分泌干扰素的T细胞所致,但其中机制一直未搞清楚。

徐建青临床研究团队的进一步研究发现,H7N9感染死亡组患者体内被高度激活的CD8+T细胞在外周血中持续存在,且维持较高的比例,而康复组患者则在感染早期达到高峰后,比例逐渐下降,在季节性流感(如甲型流感H1N1,H3N2和乙型流感)中有同样的规律,此首次证明高度激活的CD8+T细胞在感染者体内异常持续与禽流感病毒感染出现严重病情或死亡有关。进一步研究揭示,康复组体内高度激活的CD8+T细胞依然具有抗病毒功能,而死亡组患者体内该细胞亚群则功能耗竭,此可能与功能受到抑制有关。

为深入解析H7N9感染死亡组和康复组间CD8+T细胞动态变化差异,徐建青临床研究团队采用单个CD8+T细胞受体测定技术,首先对康复组感染者不同时间点的抗病毒CD8+T细胞进行细致观察,结果发现CD8+T细胞受体多样性在H7N9感染过程中无显著变化,同样与健康对照组记忆期抗病毒CD8+T细胞受体多样性也无显著差异,表明携带不同T细胞受体的CD8+T细胞在康复组感染者体内均获得充分扩增。反之,死亡组的CD8+T细胞在感染早期扩增不充分,扩增时也显著滞后于康复组,因而不能在早期获得足够的、能识别H7N9病毒不同位点的CD8+T细胞、不能及时有效控制病毒,而病毒持续复制是导致CD8+T细胞功能耗竭的内在因素。徐建青临床研究团队最终认为,在流感感染早期,流感特异性CD8+T细胞的早期有效扩增是机体抗病毒、避免发生重症化所必须的。

该机制的发现,对防治H7N9感染重症化有重要意义。

原始出处:
Zhongfang Wang, Lingyan Zhu, Thi H. O. Nguyen, et al. Clonally diverse CD38+HLA-DR+CD8+ T cells persist during fatal H7N9 disease. Nature Communications. 
26 February 2018.

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    2018-04-28 liuli5079
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    2018-06-07 gds2009
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    2018-09-08 liye789132251
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    2018-03-13 虈亣靌

    很好的学习材料.对临床和科研都有很大帮助作用.水滴石穿.不断积累.

    0

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    2018-03-10 虈亣靌

    很好的学习材料.对临床和科研都有很大帮助作用.水滴石穿.不断积累.

    0

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