NEJM:放疗或能治疗难治性室性心动过速

2017-12-18 岱西 中国循环杂志

一提放疗,常常想到的是治疗肿瘤。不过近期发表于N Engl J Med上的一项研究,放疗却在平均14分钟就终结或极大改观了难治性室性心动过速。

一提放疗,常常想到的是治疗肿瘤。不过近期发表于N Engl J Med上的一项研究,放疗却在平均14分钟就终结或极大改观了难治性室性心动过速。
 
这一新操作由华盛顿大学Phillip S Cuculich等初尝。首先术者通过ICD诱发患者室性心动过速发作,在此期间,应用磁共振、CT和心电图成像等绘制出室性心动过速关键通路并标出靶目标,然后,应用25Gy的放射量对靶目标进行立体定向放射疗法(SBRT)。

这项研究中,共有5位高危的难治性室性心动过速患者接受了放疗,平均治疗时间为14分钟,最长的治疗时间为18分钟。
 
这些患者在接受放疗前,药物治疗均未能奏效,此外还有3人导管消融失败,另2人存在导管消融禁忌证。总之,患者病情较重,在放疗前3个月,室性心动过速发作了6577次。
 
而在放疗后6周的空白期,发作次数大大降低,共发生了680次;而空白期后的随访1年内,仅发生了4次,较之最初降低了99.9%。
 

图1 患者治疗前后室性心动过速发作频率
 
其中年级最大的患者是一位83岁的女性,放疗前共发生了4312次室性心动过速事件,接受放疗后3周发生了致死性卒中,不过尸检没有发现与放疗相关。在死亡前3周,其室性心动过速负担减少了82%。
 
其余4位为60~65岁男性,放疗后随访1年未发现左心室射血分数降低,也未发现其他并发症,只有肺部有轻微炎症反应,其中3位已无需使用抗心律失常药物。
 
其中1人,在首次抗心动过速起搏后治疗9个月后开始服用胺碘酮;还有1人在放疗4周后由于仍有室性心动过速接受了射频消融,之后随访没有进一步发作。
 
随访1年时,患者ICD的放电次数也由术前的55次减少至仅1次,抗心动过速起搏次数由6577次降至3次。
 
不过,高剂量辐射对已受损心脏组织的长期影响还不清楚。“这些患者接受放疗的心脏体积较大,或会对乳头肌、冠脉、传导系统和瓣膜等产生潜在影响,从而增加影响心室功能的风险,尽管目前随访1年未见异常。”研究者指出。
 
据悉,研究者已启动了名为“ENCORE-VT”的1-2期试验来进一步评估这一新技术。
 
原始出处:

[1]Cuculich PS, Schill MR, Kashani R, et al. Noninvasive Cardiac Radiation for Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia. N Engl J Med 2017; 377:2325-2336.

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=283020, encodeId=36a4283020e4, content=可以理解.难点是定位, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/06/06/68da64002cf881438df4bfff0c3645f7.jpg, createdBy=a8191982870, createdName=leechaomin, createdTime=Sun Jan 28 23:33:01 CST 2018, time=2018-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1407857, encodeId=cc6c140e8578e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=75f34622831' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#室性心动过速#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46228, encryptionId=75f34622831, topicName=室性心动过速)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=19932732764, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Wed Dec 20 04:52:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1471111, encodeId=089414e1111dd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f06c5090466' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心动过速#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50904, encryptionId=f06c5090466, topicName=心动过速)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=35817104001, createdName=fengyi814, createdTime=Wed Dec 20 04:52:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1528432, encodeId=2d8b152843280, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74b798601a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#难治性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=98601, encryptionId=74b798601a1, topicName=难治性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a1ef11916292, createdName=freve, createdTime=Wed Dec 20 04:52:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=270357, encodeId=4eec2e035768, content=是不是偶然发现的结果?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Mon Dec 18 17:19:32 CST 2017, time=2017-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-01-28 leechaomin

    可以理解.难点是定位

    0

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    2017-12-20 freve
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    2017-12-18 lovetcm

    是不是偶然发现的结果?

    0

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