Nat Cell Biol:新研究揭示干细胞的早期分化机制

2019-12-07 佚名 细胞

成年人体内数百种不同的细胞类型是从几个相同的干细胞开始形成的。在此不断分化的过程中,细胞的分化潜力逐渐受到限制,从而导致其形态和功能发生变化。

成年人体内数百种不同的细胞类型是从几个相同的干细胞开始形成的。在此不断分化的过程中,细胞的分化潜力逐渐受到限制,从而导致其形态和功能发生变化。

弗莱堡大学医学院的塞巴斯蒂安·阿诺德(Sebastian Arnold)教授和耶琳娜·托西奇(Jelena Tosic)教授领导的研究小组现已成功地破译了细胞分化过程中基本的分子调控机制,进而决定了干细胞要转化成哪种细胞类型。

相关结果发表在最近的《Nature Cell Biology》杂志上。

胚胎的未分化干细胞要么发育成神经系统的细胞,即所谓的神经外胚层,要么发育成中胚层和内胚层的细胞,例如,许多不同类型的内部器官或肌肉都从中发育。25多年来,已知该分化方向受胚胎信号分子(例如TGFβ和Wnt信号)的调节。然而,到目前为止,仍不清楚这些信号如何控制细胞分化的“第一次”决定。

最近这项研究表明,胚胎TGFβ和Wnt信号是通过T-box因子家族的基因调节转录因子Eomes和Brachyury传递的。这些因素负责“开启”所有中胚层和内胚层细胞的分化基因程序。同时,这些T-box因子还充当基因阻遏物,通过抑制相应的基因程序来防止神经组织的形成。这涉及细胞核中结构的改变,而不涉及遗传信息的内容。

文章作者阿诺德说:“研究结果代表了理解细胞在发育过程中如何发展其未来特性的基本机制的关键一步。”

原始出处:
Jelena Tosic, Gwang-Jin Kim, Mihael Pavlovic, et al. Eomes and Brachyury control pluripotency exit and germ-layer segregation by changing the chromatin state. Nature Cell Biology, 2019; DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0423-1

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    2020-06-08 liye789132251
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    2020-01-08 sunylz
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    2020-05-20 维他命
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    2019-12-10 独孤立克

    干细胞是热点,但是进入临床仍然需要时间和临床疗效验证哦

    0

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    2019-12-07 肿肿

    机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要

    0

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