FDA批准Clovis PARP抑制剂rucaparib

2016-12-20 路人丙 美中药源

今天FDA批准了Clovis的PARP抑制剂rucaparib(商品名Rubraca)作为三线以后药物用于BRCA变异晚期卵巢癌。同时FDA还批准了FoundationFocus 的伴随诊断试剂CDxBRCA。Rucaparib在两个二期临床共106位病人中显示54%的应答率,PFS为9.2个月。PDUFA原定为2017年2月23日,所以提前这么长时间批准有点令人意外。今天Clovis股票上扬

今天FDA批准了Clovis的PARP抑制剂rucaparib(商品名Rubraca)作为三线以后药物用于BRCA变异晚期卵巢癌。同时FDA还批准了FoundationFocus 的伴随诊断试剂CDxBRCA。Rucaparib在两个二期临床共106位病人中显示54%的应答率,PFS为9.2个月。PDUFA原定为2017年2月23日,所以提前这么长时间批准有点令人意外。今天Clovis股票上扬10%。

这是继2014年阿斯列康olaparib(商品名:Lynparza)后第二个在美国上市的PARPi,另外还有三四个同类产品有望在1-2年内上市。和传统的化疗、靶向疗法、以及最近的免疫疗法不同,PARPi抑制DNA修复,所以机理相对独特。肿瘤细胞虽然成事不足、败事有余,但复制时依然需要保持DNA的相对完整。如果阻断这个功能,肿瘤细胞可能会死亡。

作为一个独特的机理PARP当年吸引了很多厂家的注意。遗憾的是第一个进入三期临床的iniparib彻底失败,令后面本来就底气不足的几个对手打了退堂鼓。Clovis的这个Rucaparib原来是辉瑞的,默沙东把niraparib卖给了Tesaro,BioMarin则把talazoparib卖给Medivatio你,今年又被辉瑞收购。但后来证明iniparib并非PARP抑制剂,赛诺菲搞了一个天大的乌龙。Iniparib是一个结构可疑的化学试剂,为何赛诺菲开始三期临床前没有认真鉴定这个化合物对外人来说是个谜。赛诺菲曾经的药王波立维是一个需要代谢激活、机理非常怪异的药物,不知波立维的成功是否令赛诺菲觉得守株待兔是个不错的打猎策略(iniparib有个硝基也可能代谢激活)。

Olaparib和Rucaparib都是批准用于BRCA变异人群,约占病人总数的15-20%。精准医疗和伴随诊断试剂是现在肿瘤药物开发和审批的一个趋势,以小人群为代价换取高价值,以获得支付部门认同。BRCA是个抑癌基因,也负责DNA修复。BRCA如果失活导致细胞更容易变异,所以肿瘤风险增加。但是如果已经得了肿瘤这类患者对另外DNA修复抑制剂如PARPi更敏感,即所谓的合成致死现象。合成致死相当于武林高手平时谁也不怕,但和天地换气时武功全无、一个地痞就可以将其拿下。PARPi/BRCA组合是最早的合成致死临床实例之一。另外现在抗癌药多是抑制致癌基因(如激酶抑制剂),但抑癌基因失活变异是肿瘤发生更常见的原因。虽然激活抑癌基因一直是努力的方向,但因为增加功能要困难得多所以目前没有成功例子。PARPi也是间接利用抑癌基因的一个范例。

Rucaparib获得FDA孤儿药、加速审批、优先审批、突破性药物地位,所以提前批准也并非完全意外。今年FDA只批准了22个新药,为10年来最低,不知是否这也是FDA提前批准Rucaparib原因之一。阿斯列康在EGFR T790m彻底击败Clovis,也把Clovis市值抹去大半。但躲得过初一躲不过十五,现在美国市场面临Rucaparib的竞争。Olaparib在欧洲批准的人群是化疗后维持治疗,而Tesaro的niraparib在这个人群不仅PFS优势更大,而且没有BRCA变异限制,所以对Olaparib威胁更大。PARP抑制剂领头羊跑丢、后面产品多次易主、最后利用抑癌基因合成致死而靶向特定人群,绝对是对技能和意志品质的考验。

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    2017-06-25 jklm09
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    2016-12-31 smlt2008
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    2017-01-11 bugit
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  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1851380, encodeId=e9b91851380e3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f0a254918f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54918, encryptionId=f0a254918f0, topicName=抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=44a360, createdName=jklm09, createdTime=Sun Jun 25 16:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2054902, encodeId=f1da205490287, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6173486930' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Clovis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4869, encryptionId=6173486930, topicName=Clovis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqTLTjicBiccpdUyHMGZV43nOBI6QIQqxVcy2EzXz67E390Q5j0R7QWjym391HxsyiaYt7NzbrcojRDw/132, createdBy=64462500151, createdName=ms705947299214030, createdTime=Fri Sep 15 17:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1897991, encodeId=6be4189e99169, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=832c404308' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CAP#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4043, encryptionId=832c404308, topicName=CAP)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 21:42:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1839479, encodeId=cbfd18394e91e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=341ae311ea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#FDA批准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7311, encryptionId=341ae311ea, topicName=FDA批准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=bugit, createdTime=Wed Jan 11 21:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1338161, encodeId=8dbf1338161f8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cd2a262068' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#APA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2620, encryptionId=cd2a262068, topicName=APA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ce072500140, createdName=12498b3em08(暂无昵称), createdTime=Thu Dec 22 06:42:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1621309, encodeId=92911621309ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=49b313e56ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PARP#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13756, encryptionId=49b313e56ad, topicName=PARP)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fd4d20248280, createdName=lishiwen, createdTime=Thu Dec 22 06:42:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-22 lishiwen

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