NATURE:人类多发性硬化症中少突胶质细胞异质性改变

2019-02-14 海北 MedSci原创

至今为止,人类OL异质性的程度及其对MS病理学的可能贡献仍然未知。

少突胶质细胞(OL)病理学越来越多地在神经退行性疾病中被提及,因为OL既有髓鞘形成能力,又可以为轴突提供代谢支持。在多发性硬化症(MS)中,中枢神经系统(CNS)中的脱髓鞘可以导致神经变性,但患者之间MS的严重程度差异很大。

患者残疾程度与脱髓鞘的程度无关,这表明存在其他因素导致了这种差异性。一个可能的因素就是OL异质性。并非所有OL都是相同的。小鼠脊髓OL本身产生比皮质OL更长的髓鞘,并且对小鼠CNS的单细胞分析进一步确定了这种差异性。

然而,至今为止,人类OL异质性的程度及其对MS病理学的可能贡献仍然未知。

最近,研究人员对死后人类大脑的白质(WM)区域(对照组(Ctr)和MS患者)进行单核RNA测序(snRNA-seq)。研究人员在Ctr人类WM中鉴定了少突胶质细胞亚群,一些类似于小鼠,并为这些细胞状态定义了新的标记。

引人注目的是,一些亚群在MS组织中存在不足,而其他亚群则更为普遍。成熟OL子簇中的这些差异可以指示MS病变中OL的不同功能状态。由于这与正常出现的白质(NAWM)相似,因此MS是一种比局灶性脱髓鞘更为分散的疾病。

因此,对MS中少突神经胶质细胞异质性改变的研究结果可能对于了解疾病进展和开发治疗方法非常重要。


原始出处:

Jäkel S et al. Altered human oligodendrocyte heterogeneity in multiple sclerosis. Nature, 2019; doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-0903-2.


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    2019-09-19 jml2009
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    2019-04-29 liye789132251
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    2019-02-14 坚强007

    向科研人员致敬!!!

    0

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