NEJM:一例因不按期行血液透析治疗导致高钾血症的案例报道

2016-06-09 chenshuo译 MedSci原创

患者男性,48岁,既往患有终末期肾脏病史和甲状旁腺切除手术史,1个月前因没有按疗程准时行血液透析治疗后出现疲劳和弥漫性肌肉疼痛,而被紧急送往急诊科就诊。

患者男性,48岁,既往患有终末期肾脏病史和甲状旁腺切除手术史,1个月前因没有按疗程准时行血液透析治疗后出现疲劳和弥漫性肌肉疼痛,而被紧急送往急诊科就诊。

 
实验室检查结果显示严重高钾血症(血钾离子水平36mg/dl,正常范围为14-19.9mg/dl])和严重低钙血症(血钙水平5 mg/dl,正常范围为8.4-10.3 mg/dl),血钙离子含量为1.84 mg/dl(正常范围为4.48-5.28 mg/dl)。磷酸盐的含量是6.2 mg/dl、镁离子水平为2.7 mg/dl,和白蛋白水平为3.6g/dl。

最初的心电图检查显示T波和QT间期段延长(如图A)。

随即患者接受紧急血液透析治疗,不久电解质平衡情况明显改善(钾离子水平降低到17.2 mg/dl;钙离子水平升高到7.6 mg/dl)和心电图的T波逐渐正常化,虽然QT段仍然延长(如图B)。

后来,患者因“骨饥饿综合征”而延长了住院时间。

对于该患者,医师认为“骨饥饿综合征”有可能是由于甲状旁腺切除术后的激素的急性戒断导致的,从而导致电解质水平的紊乱(低钙血症,低镁血症、低磷血症、高钾血症)。

在后续的治疗中的,会诊医师针对该患者的病情对其进行钙和维生素D的补充后,该患者的钙水平逐渐升高到7.9mg/dl和心电图QT段波形正常化。 

原始出处:

Nikoloz Koshkelashvili, M.D., and Julie Y.K. Lai, M.D. Hyperkalemia after Missed Hemodialysis N Engl J Med 2016; 374:2268June 9, 2016

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=132203, encodeId=a22a132203c7, content=文章很好,非常有益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 21 08:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=127483, encodeId=749e12e48327, content=感谢分享,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160907/IMG57D00CF1965701770.jpg, createdBy=565c1948251, createdName=舒心和人, createdTime=Thu Sep 15 13:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91733, encodeId=345191e33b1, content=学习了,留意身边的病例, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=85831338706, createdName=sy23.y-ok, createdTime=Fri Jul 01 21:14:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89595, encodeId=414c895952e, content=应规律透析, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08511735238, createdName=WEIXINab389b4b, createdTime=Sun Jun 12 15:50:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1262469, encodeId=c2101262469fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a57589339a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血液透析#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89339, encryptionId=a57589339a4, topicName=血液透析)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=19c567, createdName=habb, createdTime=Sat Jun 11 02:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1514514, encodeId=5f0b1514514f2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=102f102e8375' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高钾#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102783, encryptionId=102f102e8375, topicName=高钾)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=医者仁心, createdTime=Sat Jun 11 02:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-21 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章很好,非常有益

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=132203, encodeId=a22a132203c7, content=文章很好,非常有益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 21 08:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=127483, encodeId=749e12e48327, content=感谢分享,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160907/IMG57D00CF1965701770.jpg, createdBy=565c1948251, createdName=舒心和人, createdTime=Thu Sep 15 13:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91733, encodeId=345191e33b1, content=学习了,留意身边的病例, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=85831338706, createdName=sy23.y-ok, createdTime=Fri Jul 01 21:14:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89595, encodeId=414c895952e, content=应规律透析, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08511735238, createdName=WEIXINab389b4b, createdTime=Sun Jun 12 15:50:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1262469, encodeId=c2101262469fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a57589339a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血液透析#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89339, encryptionId=a57589339a4, topicName=血液透析)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=19c567, createdName=habb, createdTime=Sat Jun 11 02:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1514514, encodeId=5f0b1514514f2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=102f102e8375' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高钾#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102783, encryptionId=102f102e8375, topicName=高钾)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=医者仁心, createdTime=Sat Jun 11 02:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-15 舒心和人

    感谢分享,学习了

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=132203, encodeId=a22a132203c7, content=文章很好,非常有益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 21 08:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=127483, encodeId=749e12e48327, content=感谢分享,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160907/IMG57D00CF1965701770.jpg, createdBy=565c1948251, createdName=舒心和人, createdTime=Thu Sep 15 13:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91733, encodeId=345191e33b1, content=学习了,留意身边的病例, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=85831338706, createdName=sy23.y-ok, createdTime=Fri Jul 01 21:14:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89595, encodeId=414c895952e, content=应规律透析, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08511735238, createdName=WEIXINab389b4b, createdTime=Sun Jun 12 15:50:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1262469, encodeId=c2101262469fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a57589339a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血液透析#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89339, encryptionId=a57589339a4, topicName=血液透析)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=19c567, createdName=habb, createdTime=Sat Jun 11 02:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1514514, encodeId=5f0b1514514f2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=102f102e8375' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高钾#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102783, encryptionId=102f102e8375, topicName=高钾)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=医者仁心, createdTime=Sat Jun 11 02:26:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-07-01 sy23.y-ok

    学习了,留意身边的病例

    0

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    2016-06-12 WEIXINab389b4b

    应规律透析

    0

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    2016-06-11 habb
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