Lancet Oncol:卵巢肿瘤保守治疗的并发症风险真没你想的那么高!

2019-03-13 Jelly 肿瘤资讯

因为可能存在并发症的风险,卵巢肿瘤常通过手术切除。目前对附件包块长期随访的大型前瞻性研究很少。该研究旨在评估附件包块经超声诊断为良性后,随访2年内囊肿并发症和恶性肿瘤的累积发生率,研究结果发表于近期的《柳叶刀•肿瘤》(The Lancet Oncology)杂志。

因为可能存在并发症的风险,卵巢肿瘤常通过手术切除。目前对附件包块长期随访的大型前瞻性研究很少。该研究旨在评估附件包块经超声诊断为良性后,随访2年内囊肿并发症和恶性肿瘤的累积发生率,研究结果发表于近期的《柳叶刀•肿瘤》(The Lancet Oncology)杂志。

研究背景

附件包块的治疗是一个重要的临床问题。由于超声等诊断性影像学技术的广泛应用,附件包块常被偶然发现,且大多数为良性。由于担心附件包块是恶性或转化为恶性肿瘤,大多数女性选择进行手术切除。然而,对于良性附件包块的无症状患者,外科干预常常花费较大,并且有相关的并发症。因此,保守治疗可能是良性无症状附件包块手术治疗的替代方法,但对其很少有长期随访的大型研究。该研究旨在评估超声随访无症状或症状轻微的附件肿块期间发生不良事件(包括诊断为恶性肿瘤、囊肿破裂或扭转)的风险。

研究方法

在这项国际前瞻性队列(IOTA5)研究中,从14个国家的36个癌症和非癌症中心连续招募18岁及以上且至少存在1个附件包块的患者,这些患者经超声评估后,被选入进行外科手术治疗或保守治疗。保守治疗患者的随访目前正在进行中。在这项为期2年的中期分析中,研究者在对超声影像进行主观评价的基础上,对选择保守治疗附件包块的患者进行了分析。保守治疗包括每隔3个月和6个月进行1次超声和临床随访,此后每12个月进行1次。这项为期2年的中期分析的主要结果是,新诊断的附件包块患者中,自发性包块消退、扭转或囊肿破裂,或手术证实的交界性肿瘤或侵袭性恶性肿瘤的累积发生率。

研究结果

在2012年1月1日至2015年3月1日期间,IOTA5研究共招募了8519例患者。3144例(37%)保守治疗患者符合纳入研究分析,其中221例(7%)无随访数据,336例(11%)在计划的随访扫描前接受了手术。在2587例(82%)有随访数据的患者中,668例(26%)在招募时有一个已经在随访中的包块,1919例(74%)在招募时有一个新的包块(即在招募前未进行过随访)。新发包块患者的中位随访时间为27个月。在随访2年内,有新包块的患者(n=1919)自发消退的累计发生率为20.2%(95%CI 18.4~22.1),手术中浸润性恶性肿瘤的发生率为0.4%(95%CI 0.1~0.6),交界性肿瘤的发生率为0.3%(95%CI 0.1~0.5),扭转的发生率为0.4%(0.1~0.7),囊肿破裂的发生率为0.2%(95%CI 0.1~0.4)。

表1. 12个月和24个月的并发症累积发生率





图1. 包块自发消退、手术或死亡的累积发生率曲线
注:该曲线是基于出现新包块并实际接受随访的患者(n=1919)



图2.手术期间发现的并发症累积发生率(按手术结果划分)
注:包括出现新包块并实际接受随访的患者(n=1919)

结论

研究结果表明,对超声形态良好的附件包块进行保守治疗,恶性肿瘤和急性并发症的风险较低。该研究结果可能对患者咨询有一定价值,并支持对超声诊断为良性的附件包块进行保守治疗。与目前的做法相比,这将有利于减少严重的外科并发症和患者不适,并降低医疗成本。

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    2019-04-16 丁鹏鹏
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    2019-12-28 howi
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    2019-03-22 minlingfeng
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    2019-03-13 医者仁心5538

    学习了

    0

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