[ABC4]徐兵河教授:HER2阳性晚期乳腺癌治疗的“变”与“不变”

2017-11-08 佚名 ioncology

第四届国际晚期乳腺癌专家共识大会在葡萄牙里斯本如约而至,作为参与ABC4共识指南投票的唯一中国专家,中国医学科学院肿瘤医院徐兵河教授对HER2阳性乳腺癌诊治的“变”与“不变”深有体会,《肿瘤瞭望》有幸邀请徐教授就此话题展开探讨。

第四届国际晚期乳腺癌专家共识大会在葡萄牙里斯本如约而至,作为参与ABC4共识指南投票的唯一中国专家,中国医学科学院肿瘤医院徐兵河教授对HER2阳性乳腺癌诊治的“变”与“不变”深有体会,《肿瘤瞭望》有幸邀请徐教授就此话题展开探讨。

《肿瘤瞭望》:ABC4在HER2阳性晚期乳腺癌治疗中主要有哪些内容做了更新,需要引起肿瘤医生关注和学习的?

徐兵河教授:局部晚期、无法手术治疗的乳腺癌患者,经过局部或全身治疗后达到完全缓解,其进一步的治疗选择也是ABC4的讨论热点之一。例如HER2阳性晚期乳腺癌经过标准一线治疗、抗HER2维持治疗数年后得到完全缓解、肿瘤无复发转移,有学者建议可暂停治疗观察;也有学者甚至提出保乳手术治疗的可行性研究。可见晚期乳腺癌患者在抗HER2足疗程、足剂量治疗后也可获得较好的长期生存。但对于没有获得完全缓解的患者仍应提倡继续维持治疗。

HER2阳性乳腺癌脑转移需行放疗等局部治疗,若局部治疗后并未获得肿瘤控制,可考虑增加抗HER2全身治疗。经过放疗等局部治疗后使得大分子药物有可能透过血脑屏障。因此,HER2阳性脑转移病灶在局部放疗的基础上加强抗HER2治疗可延长患者无进展生存期,有临床获益价值。

《肿瘤瞭望》:在HER2阳性晚期乳腺癌靶向治疗选择中,以曲妥珠单抗为代表的抗HER2治疗是否仍应作为基础治疗方案?

徐兵河教授:HER2阳性晚期乳腺癌总体上的治疗选择仍有如下特点:一是抗HER2治疗应尽早开始,条件允许的情况下可持续、维持至不能耐受;二是曲妥珠单抗仍然作为基础治疗,一线、二线均以曲妥珠单抗作为基础,并增加了其他新型靶向治疗药物。HER2阳性晚期乳腺癌一线治疗方案为“曲妥珠单抗+帕妥珠单抗+化疗”;二线治疗方案则可选择T-DM1;三线治疗方案有“卡培他滨+拉帕替尼”或双靶向“拉帕替尼+曲妥珠单抗”等。

再者是对于HER2和HR均阳性的晚期乳腺癌,若肿瘤生长较慢、肿瘤负荷不大而患者年龄较大,可在选择抗HER2的基础上联合内分泌治疗。其次是三阳性晚期乳腺癌经标准一线治疗获得CR/PR、进入稳定期的维持治疗,可选择抗HER2或内分泌单药治疗,也可考虑双靶向药物联合内分泌维持治疗。需结合患者的肿瘤分型、耐受程度及经济条件等情况进行综合评估。

《肿瘤瞭望》:随着曲妥珠单抗等靶向药物进入国家医保报销目录,这将对HER2阳性晚期乳腺癌的规范化诊治带来什么影响?

徐兵河教授:以往国内HER2阳性乳腺癌治疗欠规范,其中一个重要的因素为患者经济负担较大,不得不放弃或中断抗HER2靶向治疗。随着国内医疗制度深入改革,曲妥珠单抗等靶向药物进入国家医保报销目录无疑是造福患者的重大利好消息。我们可以简单算一笔账,药物单价由不到25000元下降至7600元,且绝大部分为医保覆盖。患者的总治疗费用可从三四十万下降到两三万。对于目前绝大多数老百姓而言,抗HER2治疗不再是遥不可及的奢侈品。

抗HER2治疗是早期乳腺癌患者重要的术后辅助治疗手段,可明显降低肿瘤复发率和死亡率。而对于晚期乳腺癌也可显着延长患者生存期。根据目前的临床研究报道,抗HER2维持治疗可使晚期乳腺癌患者大约延长12个月的生存期。我有一例患者在8年前参加曲妥珠单抗临床研究时即已发现肝转移,经抗HER2治疗目前仍健在。曲妥珠单抗等靶向药物进入医保降价后将会有更多此类患者获益。

《肿瘤瞭望》:帕妥珠单抗、T-DM1等新型靶向药物的研发上市后,双靶向治疗也成临床热点。晚期乳腺癌的治疗格局将会发生怎样的变化?

徐兵河教授:随着乳腺癌新型靶向药物的陆续研发上市,HER2阳性晚期乳腺癌的治疗格局无疑将产生重大变化。如前所述,曲妥珠单抗入保降价,以及帕妥珠单抗等新型靶向药物获得国家批准进入临床使用后,HER2阳性晚期乳腺癌一线治疗中的双靶向治疗比例将明显增加。从文献报道结果看,曲妥珠单抗+帕妥珠单抗双靶向药物联合化疗的治疗效果明显优于曲妥珠单抗单药治疗,其生存期甚至可成倍延长。由此可以预见,双靶向药物治疗在晚期乳腺癌一线治疗中将越来越普遍。

其次是HER2阳性晚期乳腺癌治疗中增加了T-DM1的用药选择,这也将为国内患者提供一个标准的二线治疗新方案。国际多中心临床试验已经证实T-DM1二线治疗晚期乳腺癌效果优于“卡培他滨联合拉帕替尼”。随着众多新药研发上市,会使越来越多的国内患者获得更多的抗HER2治疗选择。

《肿瘤瞭望》:纵观ABC4会议热点内容及近2年来中国晚期乳腺癌诊治情况的变化,您认为明年新版的《中国晚期乳腺癌诊治专家共识》可能会发生怎样的变化?

徐兵河教授:首先是随着国家医药改革的不断深入,加快了对某些新药的审批速度,以及国内外相关临床研究数据的不断充实,可为国内晚期乳腺癌患者在最佳治疗方案选择中注入更多的新内涵。《中国晚期乳腺癌专家共识》会逐渐强调如何为晚期乳腺癌患者提供最佳的、最新的治疗方案。其次是我们将更强调晚期乳腺癌患者的全程管理,希望达到对患者治疗、康复等全方位的管理。第三方面是,我们需要结合自己的国情发展,融入有国人特点的临床研究进行疾病诊疗推荐。


专家简介:
徐兵河教授
中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院肿瘤医院内科主任,主任医师,博士生导师。中国抗癌协会乳腺癌专业委员会前任主任委员、北京乳腺病防治学会理事长、北京乳腺病防治学会内科专业委员会主任委员,国际局部晚期和转移性乳腺癌共识(ABC consensus)专家组成员和St.Gallen早期乳腺癌治疗国际专家共识组成员。

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    2017-11-08 明天会更好!

    学习了感谢分享!

    0

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