掌中“包”别大意!腱鞘巨细胞瘤迎来最佳治疗药物Turalio

2019-08-08 佚名 汉鼎好医友

手上长肿物,最常见的是腱鞘囊肿,早期通过按压即可消除。但掌中“包”也可能是一种罕见肿瘤--腱鞘巨细胞瘤,切莫大意,按压不仅无济于事,反而可能激惹包块,加重病变。近日,美国FDA批准Turalio(Pexidartinib)胶囊用于治疗成人手术后无改善的症状性腱鞘巨细胞瘤(TGCT)。这是FDA批准的第一个治疗这种罕见疾病的疗法。FDA肿瘤卓越中心主任、药物评估和研究中心血液和肿瘤产品办公室代理主任

手上长肿物,最常见的是腱鞘囊肿,早期通过按压即可消除。但掌中“包”也可能是一种罕见肿瘤--腱鞘巨细胞瘤,切莫大意,按压不仅无济于事,反而可能激惹包块,加重病变。

近日,美国FDA批准Turalio(Pexidartinib)胶囊用于治疗成人手术后无改善的症状性腱鞘巨细胞瘤(TGCT)。这是FDA批准的第一个治疗这种罕见疾病的疗法。

FDA肿瘤卓越中心主任、药物评估和研究中心血液和肿瘤产品办公室代理主任Richard Pazdur说:“TGCT会使患者出现一系列症状,如疼痛、僵硬和活动受限等,严重影响患者的生活质量,甚至致残。手术是主要的治疗选择,但有些病人不符合手术条件。而且,即使在手术后肿瘤也可能复发。”

TGCT是一种多见于儿童和青少年的罕见软组织肿瘤,它影响滑膜(覆盖关节间隙表面的薄层组织)和肌腱鞘(覆盖肌腱的膜层,肌腱是连接肌肉和骨骼的纤维组织)。虽然这种肿瘤通常是良性的,但会导致滑膜和肌腱鞘增厚和过度生长,对周围组织造成损害。手术仍是标准一线治疗选择,部分患者多次接受滑膜切除术,有的甚至需要全关节置换。

Turalio的批准基于一项纳入120名患者的多中心国际临床试验的结果,其中59名患者接受安慰剂治疗。主要疗效终点为治疗25周后的总有效率(ORR)分析。

临床试验显示,接受Turalio治疗的患者的ORR有统计学意义上的显着改善(38%),而接受安慰剂治疗的患者没有任何改善。完全有效率(CR)为15%,部分有效率(PR)为23%。22名应答者维持了6个月以上时间,13名应答者维持了12个月以上的时间。

Turalio的处方信息包括一个黑框警告,提醒医护人员和患者注意严重的潜在致命肝损伤风险。在开始治疗前和治疗期间定期监测患者的肝功能。如果肝脏检查出现异常,根据肝损伤的严重程度,可能需暂停、减量或永久停用Turalio。

FDA提醒医生告知育龄女性在治疗期间采取有效避孕措施。孕妇或哺乳期妇女禁用Turalio,因为它可能会对正在发育的胎儿或新生儿造成伤害。

该药此前曾获得FDA授予的突破性疗法称号和优先审查资格,以及孤儿药认定。这一系列激励政策,为美国罕见病药物的开发提供了有效支持。

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    2019-08-10 wwzzly

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