便血,不一定就是痔疮,也可能是癌!

2018-02-03 杨喜洋 许昌市立医院内镜中心 胃肠病

痔疮在人群中非常常见。便血、排便困难、排便疼痛等是痔疮的典型症状,这种病虽然很讨厌,但是大家都认为要不了命,往往自行处理,随便吃点药了事。殊不知,这种便血症状不仅是痔疮独有的,直肠癌也有类似症状。

痔疮在人群中非常常见。便血、排便困难、排便疼痛等是痔疮的典型症状,这种病虽然很讨厌,但是大家都认为要不了命,往往自行处理,随便吃点药了事。殊不知,这种便血症状不仅是痔疮独有的,直肠癌也有类似症状。

便血当痔疮,30岁小伙确诊直肠癌

小王是一个帅气的小伙子,今年刚满30岁,是一个政府公务员,有一个幸福的家庭,妻子贤惠美丽,3岁的儿子活泼可爱。一年前,开始大便带鲜血,认为是痔疮,陆陆续续食用了不少治疗痔疮的药物,时好时歹,淅淅沥沥,总不断根。

2018年1月19日在肛肠科大夫的一再劝说下,才不情愿地来我们内镜中心做肠镜检查。

检查前,小王还满不在乎,信誓旦旦地说:“我这就是痔疮,肯定没别的事儿,有必要做肠镜么?”

结果,镜子刚进了10cm,就看到以下这个样子了:







当时考虑低分化浸润癌,1月20日,病理结果出来了:“(直肠距肛缘10cm处)小细胞恶性肿瘤,倾向于低分化癌,建议免疫组化进一步分类”。

且不说,小王的妻子如何面对这一结果,三岁的儿子情何以堪,令人扼腕叹息的是,如果在便血初期,不自以为是,引起重视,就做个肠镜,结果是不是会更好些呢?

80%以上的直肠癌初期会被误诊为痔疮

著名肛肠外科专家傅传刚教授曾撰文说,直肠癌经常被误诊为痔疮。建议患者不要代替医生做诊断,要准确说出症状让医生诊断。门诊中经常有些病人跑进诊室见到医生就说自己得了痔疮,因此耽误诊断治疗。甚至有的患者曾经四次做了痔疮手术,最后确诊却是直肠癌。

直肠癌出血和痔疮出血有什么区别?

单从症状区别:

1.内痔出血:

痔疮分内痔、外痔、混合痔、肛裂等;外痔一般不出血,内痔出血但一般不疼痛,大多是点滴状、线状、或喷射状,有的是手纸上有血迹,颜色大多呈鲜红色。

2.肛裂出血:

肛裂伴有周期性疼痛,便前疼痛剧烈,便后稍缓解,后又继续疼痛,它的出血也是鲜红色的,类似于内痔出血。

3.直肠癌出血:

出血根据病变部位距肛门的距离远近,可能是鲜红色,也可能是暗红色,靠上部位的结肠癌也可能出现铁锈色甚至黑色。

它的特点是有伴随症状:比如,排便习惯的改变,次数增加,排便不尽感、腹泻、便秘交替,伴有粘液或脓血等等。

4.肠息肉出血:

某些息肉也会出血。也是看息肉距肛门的远近,近的呈鲜红色,远的是暗红色;一般没有伴随症状。

直肠癌有哪些症状

直肠癌的早期一般没有特异性症状,主要有排便习惯改变、腹泻、便秘、排便不尽感、大便变形、带粘液、腹痛、黑便等。

1.便血:是直肠癌最常见症状,症状易与痔疮混淆;

2.排便习惯改变:患者可出现排便次数增加、腹泻、排泄黏液等症状;

3.疼痛:晚期少部分患者会还会出现疼痛、消瘦甚至恶病质;

4.尿路刺激征:如果直肠侵犯膀胱、尿道、阴道等周围脏器时,还会出现尿路刺激征。

5.消瘦、贫血、乏力、低热等全身症状。

6.腹部包块。

直肠癌的筛查和检查

1、直肠指检

此种检查方法简单、快捷,是检查直肠癌必要的步骤,70%-79%的直肠癌病人可通过此种检查方法确诊直肠癌。

2、粪便潜血实验:

可以作为直肠癌早期诊断的筛检方法,结合肛门指检和纤维结肠镜检查,往往能早期发现直肠癌

3、结直肠镜检

是发现大部分结直肠疾病的金标准。一旦感觉肠道异常,立即做个肠镜,40岁以上最好无症状体检时做个胃肠镜。这对发现消化道早癌意义重大。

4、癌胚抗原测定:

癌胚抗原对此病的治疗和和评估有较大价值,连续测定血清CEA可用于观察治疗过程中的效果。CEA明显降低,提示治疗效果较好。如治疗无效,血清保持在高水平。术后CEA异常反复升高,提示直肠癌有可能复发。

5、B超检查:如果发现了可疑的直肠癌病例,应该进一步做直肠内B超检查。

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    2018-02-15 天涯183

    非常好的文章.学习了

    0

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    2018-02-05 虈亣靌

    非常好.谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-02-05 zxxiang
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    2018-02-05 huangdf
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=288218, encodeId=18de288218fc, content=非常好的文章.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7LIiaRZTzJ3SEfiauCzTMPW7YvPPYLNJBXG9oh6Al1icq2VQQkIHWxqXehcicTS62YKJVBhxeth3wggw/0, createdBy=7ce01621306, createdName=天涯183, createdTime=Thu Feb 15 18:33:31 CST 2018, time=2018-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=285354, encodeId=a0b928535431, content=非常好.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Mon Feb 05 12:53:13 CST 2018, time=2018-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1312802, encodeId=6e79131280286, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f781e113065' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痔疮#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71130, encryptionId=f781e113065, topicName=痔疮)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2f5a410, createdName=zxxiang, createdTime=Mon Feb 05 12:41:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1371922, encodeId=c31113e19220c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=815e2e060ce' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#便血#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=27060, encryptionId=815e2e060ce, topicName=便血)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2e0330, createdName=huangdf, createdTime=Mon Feb 05 12:41:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=284953, encodeId=348728495343, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=4, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160304/IMG56D94856B1B5D6405.jpg, createdBy=27931687771, createdName=一个字-牛, createdTime=Sun Feb 04 08:07:56 CST 2018, time=2018-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=284895, encodeId=d5e5284895c2, content=是的.便血一定要做结直肠镜, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/01/15/8213228fe923915543544ad3da7e1c64.jpg, createdBy=6bd82014262, createdName=秀红, createdTime=Sun Feb 04 04:48:05 CST 2018, time=2018-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=284884, encodeId=cf1f28488426, content=学习一下谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzaiabIFicf63hKvVMjL6aJlx4yX4UcXmzX9DyibCRcicq0QtCRWMaQKh8MYjE1D3EKUBopgiaGWYuqbeR/0, createdBy=0c2b1999806, createdName=三生有幸9135, createdTime=Sun Feb 04 00:55:26 CST 2018, time=2018-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=284840, encodeId=d1482848406a, content=学习了.谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/10/23/557c1f19aaf5459a8405411e38903c4b.jpg, createdBy=dfc02088287, createdName=cscdliu, createdTime=Sat Feb 03 23:04:42 CST 2018, time=2018-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-02-04 一个字-牛

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-02-04 秀红

    是的.便血一定要做结直肠镜

    0

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    2018-02-04 三生有幸9135

    学习一下谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-02-03 cscdliu

    学习了.谢谢

    0

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