Stata第五章多组计量资料比较的非参数检验命令与输出结果说明

2012-04-17 生物谷 生物谷

本节STATA 命令摘要 ranksum观察变量,by(分组变量) kwallis 观察变量,by(分组变量) ·       秩 和检验(Mann,WhitneyandWilcoxon非参数检验)  对于计量资料不满足正态分布要求或方差不齐性,但样本资料之间是独立

本节STATA 命令摘要

ranksum观察变量,by(分组变量)

kwallis 观察变量,by(分组变量)

·        和检验(Mann,WhitneyandWilcoxon非参数检验)

 对于计量资料不满足正态分布要求或方差不齐性,但样本资料之间是独立抽取的,则可以应用秩和检验方法进行比较两组资料的中位数是否有差异。STATA命令为:

ranksum  观察变量,by(分组变量)

 例:研究不同饲料对雌鼠体重增加的关系(摘自医学统计方法,金丕焕主编,p218)。表中用x表示雌鼠体重增加(克),用group=1表示高蛋白饲料组以及用group=2表示低蛋白饲料组。

x

134

146

104

119

124

161

107

83

113

129

group

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

x

97

123

70

118

101

85

107

132

94

 

group

1

1

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

无效假设Ho:两组增加体重的中位数相同。

ranksumx,by(group)

Test:Equalityofmedians(Two-SampleWilcoxonRank-Sum)

                                                                

SumofRanks:49.5(group==2)

ExpectedSum:70                                                                                                  

           

z-statistic-1.73

Prob>|z|0.0832                                                                                                

①为第二组(低饲料组)的秩的和;②若无效假设成立,则第二组的秩的和期望值为70;③秩和统计检验量z;④对于无效假设Ho对应的p值。

 在本例中,虽然第二组的秩和为49.5而期望值估计为70,但p值为0.0832,所以根据该资料和统计结果一般不能认为 用高蛋白饲料喂养能明显增加雌鼠的体重。

·       多组资料中位数比较(完全随机化设计资料的检验)

 对于完全随机化设计资料的比较,若各组资料不全服从正态分布(即:至少有一组的资料均不服从正态分布)或各组的资料方差不齐性,则可以用KruskalandWallis方法进行检验(Ho:各组的中位数相同)。STATA命令为:

kwallis 观察变量,by(分组变量)

例:505组,10鼠。后,(mg/g)示:(法,编,p220)xgroup=123455组。

x:

2.23

1.14

2.63

1

1.35

2.01

1.64

1.13

1.01

1.70

group:

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

x:

5.59

0.96

6.96

1.23

1.61

2.94

1.96

3.68

1.54

2.59

group:

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

x:

4.5

3.92

10.33

8.23

2.07

4.9

6.84

6.42

3.72

6

group:

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

x:

1.35

1.06

0.74

0.96

1.16

2.08

0.69

0.68

0.84

1.34

group:

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

x:

1.4

1.51

2.49

1.74

1.59

1.36

3

4.81

5.21

5.12

group:

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

kwallis x,by(group)

Test:Equalityofpopulations(Kruskal-WallisTest)

                                            

group_Obs_RankSum

110188.50

210280.50

310420.00

41095.00

510291.00

chi-squared=27.856with4d.f.                                    

probability=0.0001                              

①为各组的秩和值;②为该统计量的c2检验值;③为无效假设检验所对应的p值。

 本例结果表明:5组的中位数有显著的差异。即:5 个不同饲料组的小鼠肝脏中铁的含量有显著差异,说明小鼠肝脏中铁的含量与喂养的饲料有关。

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    2012-04-19 bbjsj_1981
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    2012-04-19 李研东

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