Pediatrics:儿童结核病患者:传统疗法vs短期方案

2018-03-20 吴星 环球医学

2018年2月,发表在《Pediatrics》上的一项回顾性队列研究,在结核病(TB)感染的儿童中,对传统疗法和短期方案进行了比较,从而对短期方案治疗的安全性进行了评估。

2018年2月,发表在《Pediatrics》上的一项回顾性队列研究,在结核病(TB)感染儿童中,对传统疗法和短期方案进行了比较,从而对短期方案治疗的安全性进行了评估。

背景:报告显示,TB感染的传统疗法(每天使用异烟肼,为期9个月[9H])安全,但完成率<50%。短期方案(每周1次使用异烟肼和利福喷丁,为期3个月[3HP]或每天使用利福喷丁,为期4个月[4R])与成人依从性的改善相关。

方法:这是一项针对低收入国家儿童TB诊所中年龄在0至18岁儿童的回顾性队列研究(2014年~2017年)。研究者比较了使用3HP、4R以及9H儿童的完成率以及不良事件(AEs)的发生率;后2种方案可允许通过家庭(称作自我管理疗法[SAT])或直接观察的预防性治疗(DOPT)来实施;通常在DOPT的情况下给予3HP。

结果:在667例开始TB感染治疗的儿童中:283例(42.4%)使用3HP,252例(37.8%)使用9H,132例(19.8%)使用4R。通过SAT 使用9H的儿童中仅有52%的儿童完成了治疗。使用3HP的儿童比使用9H(SAT)的儿童完成治疗的可能性更大(比值比[OR] 27.4,95% 置信区间[CI]:11.8~63.7)。多变量分析发现,在DOPT的情况下使用药物(OR:5.72,95% CI:3.47~9.43)、年龄增加(OR:1.09,95% CI:1.02~1.17),以及不发生AE(OR:1.70,95% CI:0.26~0.60)与完成治疗相关。在9H组中,AEs更常见(OR:2.51,95% CI:1.48~4.32)。2例(0.9%)使用9H的儿童出现肝脏毒性;使用3HP或4R的儿童没有出现肝脏毒性。

结论:与9H方案相比,短期方案增加完成率、降低AEs发生率。

原始出处:

Cruz AT and Starke JR. Completion Rate and Safety of Tuberculosis Infection Treatment With Shorter Regimens. Pediatrics. 2018 Feb;141(2). pii: e20172838. doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-2838.

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    2018-08-17 feather89
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    2018-10-11 hbwxf
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