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FDA批准一项个性化免疫治疗的癌症药物

2017-05-28 MedSci medicalxpress

个性化免疫治疗药物
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本周早些时候，FDA首次批准了一种基于疾病基因而非类型的癌症药物。这项研究由约翰霍普金斯大学(Johns Hopkins)和其布隆伯格-基梅尔研究所(bloomberg - kimmel Institute)的30年基础研究开发而成，Pembrolizumab目前可用于基因检测发现所谓的不匹配修复基因缺陷的结肠癌、胰腺癌、胃癌、卵巢癌和其他癌症。布隆伯格-基梅尔研究所的专家们设计了第一个临床试验来

本周早些时候，FDA首次批准了一种基于疾病基因而非类型的癌症药物。

这项研究由约翰霍普金斯大学(Johns Hopkins)和其布隆伯格-基梅尔研究所(bloomberg - kimmel Institute)的30年基础研究开发而成，Pembrolizumab目前可用于基因检测发现所谓的不匹配修复基因缺陷的结肠癌、胰腺癌、胃癌、卵巢癌和其他癌症。

布隆伯格-基梅尔研究所的专家们设计了第一个临床试验来测试这种理论，即肿瘤中存在不匹配修复基因缺陷的患者可能对免疫疗法有更好的反应。这项试验的结果于2015年在美国临床肿瘤学会年会上发表，并发表在了《新英格兰医学杂志》上。

不匹配修复的缺陷测试应用广泛，成本为300 - 600美元。Pembrolizumab每年的成本大约为10万美元，这使得有必要确定哪些患者有可能对这种药物作出反应。

1993年，约翰·霍普金斯大学和其他机构的科学家首次发现，在美国，每年有超过4%的癌症出现不匹配修复基因的错误，包括结肠、子宫、胃、胆囊、胰腺、卵巢、前列腺和小肠的癌症。突变会使细胞在DNA复制过程中修复错误的能力失效，从而触发不受抑制的细胞生长，这是癌症的一个标志。

二十年后，当约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的专家发现一名患有结肠癌的病人对免疫疗法有应答，而其他患有结肠癌的病人却没有时，这个想法就开始了。

原文出处： Dung T. Le et al. PD-1 Blockade in Tumors with Mismatch-Repair Deficiency， New England Journal of Medicine (2015).

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1839508, encodeId=c47018395080a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=341ae311ea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#FDA批准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7311, encryptionId=341ae311ea, topicName=FDA批准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=bugit, createdTime=Tue Jan 30 18:57:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569977, encodeId=5d6715699e704, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=098ae147405' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症药物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71474, encryptionId=098ae147405, topicName=癌症药物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=69df15615030, createdName=surilei, createdTime=Tue May 30 03:57:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=204147, encodeId=9b2720414ec0, content=涨知识了，谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=550d2008262, createdName=luominglian113, createdTime=Mon May 29 23:20:57 CST 2017, time=2017-05-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=203718, encodeId=a349203e1892, content=学习了谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Sun May 28 22:16:43 CST 2017, time=2017-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-01-30 bugit

    #FDA批准#

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1839508, encodeId=c47018395080a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=341ae311ea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#FDA批准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7311, encryptionId=341ae311ea, topicName=FDA批准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=bugit, createdTime=Tue Jan 30 18:57:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569977, encodeId=5d6715699e704, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=098ae147405' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌症药物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71474, encryptionId=098ae147405, topicName=癌症药物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=69df15615030, createdName=surilei, createdTime=Tue May 30 03:57:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=204147, encodeId=9b2720414ec0, content=涨知识了，谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=550d2008262, createdName=luominglian113, createdTime=Mon May 29 23:20:57 CST 2017, time=2017-05-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=203718, encodeId=a349203e1892, content=学习了谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=00501987275, createdName=130****4638, createdTime=Sun May 28 22:16:43 CST 2017, time=2017-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-30 surilei

    #癌症药物#

    0

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    2017-05-29 luominglian113

    涨知识了，谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-05-28 130****4638

    学习了谢谢分享。

    0