Intern Med J:妊娠期补铁理想剂量如何计算?

2017-07-24 顾歆纯,吴刚 环球医学

妊娠过程中胎儿生长铁的需求量明显增多,如不注意铁的补充,很容易造成体内铁的缺乏,发生缺铁性贫血。妊娠期当口服铁治疗不耐受或需要快速补充铁储备时,常使用静脉铁。那么,如何才能确定妊娠期补铁的最佳理想剂量呢?2017年7月,发表在《Intern Med J.》的一项研究对此进行分析。

妊娠过程中胎儿生长铁的需求量明显增多,如不注意铁的补充,很容易造成体内铁的缺乏,发生缺铁性贫血。妊娠期当口服铁治疗不耐受或需要快速补充铁储备时,常使用静脉铁。那么,如何才能确定妊娠期补铁的最佳理想剂量呢?2017年7月,发表在《Intern Med J.》的一项研究对此进行分析。

目的:旨在检测妊娠期根据不同产妇体重测量确定的静脉铁给药剂量和随后治疗应答之间的相关性。

方法:证实为缺铁性贫血的孕妇的回顾性队列研究,这些孕妇于2014年1月1日~2016年1月31日在澳大利亚三级教学医院接受了静脉麦芽糖铁。贫血和/或铁缺乏的诊断、输注剂量特征和血液学参数从纸质病历和电子病历中获取。静脉铁给药剂量根据产妇总体重(TBW)、理想体重(IBW)(公式为:身高超过152cm,则每增加1cm,IBW为45.5kg+0.9kg/增加cm)和调整体重(公式为:IBW+(0.4×(TBW-IBW)))计算。

结果:总共鉴别出122名孕妇,这些孕妇确诊为缺铁性贫血,并接受了单次静脉输注麦芽糖铁。自治疗到分娩的血红蛋白的改变和根据调整体重的静脉铁剂量(调整β系数,0.70(95% CI,0.24~1.15))和妊娠前总体重(调整β系数,0.83(95% CI,0.36~1.29))的静脉铁剂量间,存在明显的剂量效应关系,而理想体重无此相关性(调整β系数,0.37(95% CI,-0.04~0.78))。使用调整体重计算得出的循环铁缺乏与根据体重计算得出的总血容量的铁缺乏生理评估值最接近。

结论:需要静脉铁的孕妇的最佳治疗结局可根据妊娠前调整体重而非理想体重计算得出的给药剂量所实现。

多学科讨论记实

经调查,目前贫血患者数量令人震惊!占全球人口的30%。主要原因是铁缺乏。全球妊娠期贫血患病率为38%,中国孕妇缺铁性贫血的患病率为19.1%,妊娠早、中、晚期患病率分别为 9.6%、19.8% 和 33.8%。

妊娠合并贫血对母体、胎儿和新生儿均会造成 近期和远期影响,对母体可增加妊娠期高血压疾病、胎膜早破、产褥期感染和产后抑郁的发病风险;对胎儿和新生儿可增加胎儿生长受限、胎儿缺氧、羊水减少、死胎、死产、早产、新生儿窒息、新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病的发病风险。

考虑到与怀孕贫血有关的负面结局,发现根据总体或调整的孕前体重计算的静脉铁量增加剂量与改善的血液学反应之间的剂量-反应关系是非常重要的。这一点连同关于估计血容量的生理数据,提供证据表明,需要静脉铁的孕妇的最佳治疗结局可根据调整体重而非理想体重计算得出的给药剂量所实现。此外,如果使用简化剂量方法来计算铁剂量,当考虑到超重或肥胖妇女的适当给药重量时,必须严格谨慎,因为施用的剂量可以超过或低于总体身体铁缺乏多达500mg。

原始出处:Grzeskowiak LE, Qassim A, Jeffries B, et al.Approaches for optimising intravenous iron dosing in pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study.Intern Med J. 2017 Jul;47(7):747-753.

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    2017-07-26 kksonne
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    2017-07-25 龙胆草

    学习谢谢分享

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    2017-07-24 情途末路

    感谢分享

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    2017-07-24 圣艮山

    学习了不少事情!

    0

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