BMJ:奶制品摄入量与死亡风险的关联

2020-01-27 不详 MedSci原创

奶制品是否会造成人群死亡率的提高,目前还没有定论,因此,本项研究的目的是探讨食用乳制品与人群总死亡率和特定死亡率的关系。

背景及目的:
奶制品是否会造成人群死亡率的提高,目前还没有定论,因此,本项研究的目的是探讨食用乳制品与人群总死亡率和特定死亡率的关系。

方法:
研究人员在美国进行了饮食和生活方式因素进行重复测量的三项前瞻性队列研究。本项研究纳入的参与者为168153例女性和49602例男性。主要观察结果为死亡。在长达32年的随访中,总共记录了51438例死亡,包括12143例心血管死亡和15120例癌症死亡。多变量分析进一步调整了心血管疾病和癌症的家族史,身体活动,总体饮食方式,总能量摄入,吸烟状况,饮酒,绝经状况(仅限女性)和女性绝经后激素的使用情况。

结果:
与最低乳制品总消费量(平均0.8份/天)相比,稍高乳制品消费(平均1.5份/天)的总死亡率的危害比为0.98(95%置信区间0.96至1.01),较高乳制品消费(平均每天2.0份/天)的总死亡率危害比为1.00(0.97至1.03),比较高组(平均每天2.8份/天)的总死亡率危害比为1.02(0.99至1.05),最高组(平均4.2份/天)的总死亡率比1.07(1.04至1.10))。与最低乳制品总消费量相比,高乳制品消费的心血管疾病死亡率的危险比为1.02(0.95至1.08),癌症死亡率的危险比为1.05(0.99至1.11)。对于乳制品的亚型,全脂牛奶的摄入与总死亡率的较高风险显着相关(每0.5份/天的风险比1.11、1.09至1.14),心血管死亡率(1.09,1.03至1.15)和癌症死亡率(1.11,1.06至1.17)。在食品替代分析中,食用坚果,豆类或全谷物代替乳制品与较低的死亡率相关,而食用红色和加工肉代替乳制品与较高的死亡率相关。

结论
本项研究的结果证实高奶制品消费量与死亡风险之间呈正相关。略高的癌症死亡率与食用乳制品有关,有待进一步研究。

原始出处:

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    2020-03-17 gaoxiaoe
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    2020-10-31 lmm397
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    2020-01-29 xjy06