美国心脏协会声明:心肺复苏是生活必备技能

2018-06-26 卢芳 中国循环杂志

美国心脏协会(AHA)近日发表声明指出,改善心肺复苏培训,能救助更多生命。AHA希望,到2020年,心脏骤停生存率,以及第一目击者及时反应率都能翻倍提升。

美国心脏协会(AHA)近日发表声明指出,改善心肺复苏培训,能救助更多生命。AHA希望,到2020年,心脏骤停生存率,以及第一目击者及时反应率都能翻倍提升。



这份声明提出了八个方面的改进环节,包括掌握和熟练心肺复苏,复训周期更短且更频密,不同环境模仿“现实世界”的培训等。

现实总是残酷的:当前每年有35万人在医院外发生心脏骤停,但存活率却低于12%。在北京国际机场,每年都有10人以上猝死。

美国匹兹堡大学Clifton Callaway认为,心肺复苏应该是每个人都应该掌握的一项生活必备技能。

这是因为,对于心脏骤停者,心肺复苏能让其增加2~3倍的生存机会。

目前全球统一的心肺复苏标准技能要求是:

对心脏骤停患者进行识别、呼救、判断、复苏;

快速(频率 100~120次 /min)、用力(深度 5~6 cm)进行胸外按压;

胸廓充分回弹;

尽量减少按压中断;

通气有效但避免过度通气;

正确使用体外自动除颤器(AED)以及正确应用海姆立克急救法进行气道异物梗阻患者的急救。

这里一看到通气,常常会有一个场景出现在很多人脑海:开放气道口对口人工呼吸。有人说,去口对口人工呼吸,这个做不到啊。不说口臭,有传染病怎么办?

无需顾虑,急救专家建议,仅仅做好胸外按压让心脏泵血,血液流动几分钟就能给120等急救人员以机会。

当然对一个陌生人进行心肺复苏还是有一定障碍的,Callaway认为人们“袖手旁观”有三个原因:一是不清楚是否需要给予心肺复苏;二是没有接受过心肺复苏的相关训练,担心让倒地之人伤上加伤;救治家里人有压力。

Callaway表示,对于一个呼之不应,气息异常的人就可以实施心肺复苏,即使怀疑这个人嗑药过量;不要担心自己的救治能力,因为做点什么总比袖手旁观有帮助,不要过分担心胸外按压的力度;如果紧张家里人,致电急救中心调度员,让对方告诉怎么做正确。

如果心脏骤停者附近有AED,那么这个时候有两个人该出手时就出手最好:一人胸外按压,一人准备使用AED。

那样的话,这个人活命的机会就大大增加了,因为有研究显示,从心脏骤停发生到首次电击时间<4 min 时,患者生存率可高达60%~75%。

这里值得注意的一点是,高质量的心肺复苏离不开高质量的培训。

中国急救领域专家学者也很重视心肺复苏的培训,也于近日推出《2018中国心肺复苏培训专家共识》。

共识指出,“全民参与”才是提升我国心肺复苏培训普及率的终极策略。

全民参与的目标是,人人关注、个个学会、积极传播,使心肺复苏培训成为广大市民日常生活的必备知识和技能,并以此推动及促进整个健康观念的树立和保持。

共识基于中国的国情提出了“心肺复苏培训三角”的概念,强调系统(培)、培训(训)和人(者)是“培训三角”的基础,心肺复苏科学是“培训三角”的核心。



此外,共识指出,要保证心肺复苏培训的效果,营造科学、优秀的心肺复苏抢救文化,必须建立起长期、有效的心肺复苏培训评价和质量控制体系。

就培训模式,目前以视频为主导,学练结合,小班教学的标准化教学模式,是国际上大规模标准化认证培训的首选方式。

共识指出,未来,学员通过网络的标准视频课程接受理论教学和思维培训,再进入培训中心或在家庭使用练习简易模型进行技能操作练习, 最后在培训中心预约考核, 完成整个教学过程,这种新的培训方式将成为心肺复苏认证培训的重要补充和方向。


原始出处:

[1]Cheng A, et al. Resuscitation Education Science: Educational Strategies to Improve Outcomes From Cardiac Arrest: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2018 Jun 21. pii: CIR.0000000000000583. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000583.

[2]中国研究型医院学会心肺复苏学专业委员会, 中华医学会科学普及分会. 2018 中国心肺复苏培训专家共识. 中华危重病急救医学, 2018, 30: 385-400.

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1684503, encodeId=44611684503bf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dfae5133e1d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心肺#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51337, encryptionId=dfae5133e1d, topicName=心肺)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c8e128082444, createdName=aids222, createdTime=Sat Nov 24 04:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1934151, encodeId=58dd193415145, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a23ce9798fe' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国心脏协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79798, encryptionId=a23ce9798fe, topicName=美国心脏协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=50ba440, createdName=xirongguo, createdTime=Sat Sep 22 00:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1305446, encodeId=4b79130544665, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=270342e249d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#复苏#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42724, encryptionId=270342e249d, topicName=复苏)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1d01326, createdName=lizhou0204, createdTime=Thu Jun 28 12:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327321, encodeId=57fa32e32127, content=好文献学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Wed Jun 27 06:28:51 CST 2018, time=2018-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327252, encodeId=000532e25216, content=认真学习.把间接经验应用到临床实践中去.然后再总结出新思路.给点赞啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Tue Jun 26 23:56:37 CST 2018, time=2018-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-11-24 aids222
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1684503, encodeId=44611684503bf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dfae5133e1d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心肺#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51337, encryptionId=dfae5133e1d, topicName=心肺)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c8e128082444, createdName=aids222, createdTime=Sat Nov 24 04:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1934151, encodeId=58dd193415145, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a23ce9798fe' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国心脏协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79798, encryptionId=a23ce9798fe, topicName=美国心脏协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=50ba440, createdName=xirongguo, createdTime=Sat Sep 22 00:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1305446, encodeId=4b79130544665, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=270342e249d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#复苏#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42724, encryptionId=270342e249d, topicName=复苏)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1d01326, createdName=lizhou0204, createdTime=Thu Jun 28 12:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327321, encodeId=57fa32e32127, content=好文献学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Wed Jun 27 06:28:51 CST 2018, time=2018-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327252, encodeId=000532e25216, content=认真学习.把间接经验应用到临床实践中去.然后再总结出新思路.给点赞啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Tue Jun 26 23:56:37 CST 2018, time=2018-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1684503, encodeId=44611684503bf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dfae5133e1d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心肺#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51337, encryptionId=dfae5133e1d, topicName=心肺)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c8e128082444, createdName=aids222, createdTime=Sat Nov 24 04:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1934151, encodeId=58dd193415145, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a23ce9798fe' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国心脏协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79798, encryptionId=a23ce9798fe, topicName=美国心脏协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=50ba440, createdName=xirongguo, createdTime=Sat Sep 22 00:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1305446, encodeId=4b79130544665, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=270342e249d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#复苏#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42724, encryptionId=270342e249d, topicName=复苏)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1d01326, createdName=lizhou0204, createdTime=Thu Jun 28 12:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327321, encodeId=57fa32e32127, content=好文献学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Wed Jun 27 06:28:51 CST 2018, time=2018-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327252, encodeId=000532e25216, content=认真学习.把间接经验应用到临床实践中去.然后再总结出新思路.给点赞啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Tue Jun 26 23:56:37 CST 2018, time=2018-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-06-28 lizhou0204
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1684503, encodeId=44611684503bf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dfae5133e1d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心肺#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51337, encryptionId=dfae5133e1d, topicName=心肺)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c8e128082444, createdName=aids222, createdTime=Sat Nov 24 04:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1934151, encodeId=58dd193415145, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a23ce9798fe' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国心脏协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79798, encryptionId=a23ce9798fe, topicName=美国心脏协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=50ba440, createdName=xirongguo, createdTime=Sat Sep 22 00:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1305446, encodeId=4b79130544665, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=270342e249d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#复苏#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42724, encryptionId=270342e249d, topicName=复苏)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1d01326, createdName=lizhou0204, createdTime=Thu Jun 28 12:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327321, encodeId=57fa32e32127, content=好文献学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Wed Jun 27 06:28:51 CST 2018, time=2018-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327252, encodeId=000532e25216, content=认真学习.把间接经验应用到临床实践中去.然后再总结出新思路.给点赞啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Tue Jun 26 23:56:37 CST 2018, time=2018-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-06-27 张新亮1853311252142e2fm

    好文献学习了

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1684503, encodeId=44611684503bf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dfae5133e1d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心肺#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51337, encryptionId=dfae5133e1d, topicName=心肺)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c8e128082444, createdName=aids222, createdTime=Sat Nov 24 04:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1934151, encodeId=58dd193415145, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a23ce9798fe' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国心脏协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79798, encryptionId=a23ce9798fe, topicName=美国心脏协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=50ba440, createdName=xirongguo, createdTime=Sat Sep 22 00:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1305446, encodeId=4b79130544665, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=270342e249d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#复苏#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42724, encryptionId=270342e249d, topicName=复苏)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1d01326, createdName=lizhou0204, createdTime=Thu Jun 28 12:53:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327321, encodeId=57fa32e32127, content=好文献学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Wed Jun 27 06:28:51 CST 2018, time=2018-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327252, encodeId=000532e25216, content=认真学习.把间接经验应用到临床实践中去.然后再总结出新思路.给点赞啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Tue Jun 26 23:56:37 CST 2018, time=2018-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-06-26 虈亣靌

    认真学习.把间接经验应用到临床实践中去.然后再总结出新思路.给点赞啦

    0

相关资讯

Neurology:双侧对称性弧形视野缺损

48岁,男性。心肺复苏后出现管状视野。

2018 AHA科学声明:婴儿以及儿童心脏病患者心肺复苏

2018年4月,美国心脏协会(AHA)发布了关于婴儿以及儿童心脏病患者心肺复苏的科学声明。患有心脏病的儿童心脏骤停的发生率远高于健康儿童,儿童基础声明支持和该机生命支持指南主要聚焦于为心脏正常儿童提供高质量的复苏,儿童心脏病的复杂性和变异性为该类人群的复苏带来了巨大的挑战。本文主要针对婴儿以及儿童心脏病患者在院前和医院内心肺复苏提供指导建议。

晕厥 or 猝死?何时心肺复苏?

晕厥的原因复杂,不同原因导致的晕厥,预后差异很大。仔细的病史采集、查体包括卧位和直立位的生命体征,在诊断方面有最佳的“费用-效益比”。总体上,单一的客观辅助检查,对病因的诊断价值都不是很大。

2017年AAN减轻心肺复苏后脑损伤临床实践指南的解读

复苏后脑损伤与心脏骤停(cardiac arrest,CA)患者出院生存率和神经功能预后密切相关。美国神经病学学会(American Academy of Neurology,AAN)近日发布最新的实践指南,更新了各种用于减轻心肺复苏后脑损伤治疗方法的评价。为借鉴和推广 AAN 对减轻心肺复苏后脑损伤实践指南,本文对其进行解读,以帮助国内医生更好地学习指南。

Circulation:心肺复苏过程中平均舒张压≥25mmHg(婴儿)或≥30mmHg(满1岁)可提高患儿预后

基于实验室心肺复苏(CPR)研究和有限的提示CPR过程中存活率取决于获得合适的舒张压(DBP)的成人数据,美国心脏协会推荐用血压指导儿童CPR。但是在儿童CPR中,基于证据的血压目标值仍是CPR指南的一个重要知识缺陷。本研究纳入2013年7月1日-2016年6月31日期间所有在协助儿科急救护理研究中心重症病房进行胸外按压≥1min、并在CPR前后有侵袭性动脉血压监测的妊娠满37周、19岁以下的儿童

5分钟500次徒手心肺复苏 广西女医生跑着上演“生死时速”

连日来,一段女医生一边跟着病床跑,一边给患者做徒手心肺复苏,送患者进手术室抢救的视频在桂林市民的朋友圈热传……