Sci Signal:挑战传统观点:ROS到底是促发还是抑制先兆子痫?

2017-05-22 万纹 生物通

多达8%的孕妇会发生被称为先兆子痫的病症,这种疾病的特征是孕妇子宫血管收缩,阻碍给胎儿输送血液和氧气。之前的研究活性氧(ROS)在启动这种无法治疗的处境方面发挥了作用,由于先兆子痫在全球孕产妇死亡率高达15%,死胎率为5%,因此一些临床试验试图通过靶向ROS来降低先兆子痫的风险,但治疗后的结果并不理想,一些孕妇甚至会出现更糟糕的结果。

多达8%的孕妇会发生被称为先兆子痫的病症,这种疾病的特征是孕妇子宫血管收缩,阻碍给胎儿输送血液和氧气。之前的研究活性氧(ROS)在启动这种无法治疗的处境方面发挥了作用,由于先兆子痫在全球孕产妇死亡率高达15%,死胎率为5%,因此一些临床试验试图通过靶向ROS来降低先兆子痫的风险,但治疗后的结果并不理想,一些孕妇甚至会出现更糟糕的结果。

来自日本东北大学的研究人员通过小鼠实验提出了一个相反的观点:ROS可能通过增加胎盘中的血管生成,实际上有助于防止先兆子痫。这一研究成果公布在5月16日的Science Signaling杂志上。

文章作者,日本东北大学医学研究科分子生物学家Norio Suzuki表示,这一结果“与研究人员预期的完全相反”。早期的研究表明,在先兆子痫患者的胎盘中,ROS会出现积累,“然而这项研究的数据表明,先兆子痫小鼠模型中ROS积累能诱导胎盘血管生成,并改善了母亲和胎儿的状况”。

Suzuki等人利用基因修饰的小鼠,发现Keap1-Nrf2这一诱导解毒和抗氧化酶表达的途径“对于保护器官免受多种疾病的损害至关重要,”他解释说。由此他们希望了解这一系统是否也可能参与了先兆子痫。

结果发现在诱导先兆子痫的小鼠中使Keap1-Nrf2系统失活,会导致更高水平的ROS,但是出人意料的是,这些动物改善了血管形成。小鼠母亲及其胎儿的症状和死亡风险降低了。相反如果激活这一途径就会导致死亡率上升和流产率上升。

虽然ROS调节胎盘血管发生的分子机制尚不清楚,但Suzuki指出,这一结果表明,氧化应激对孕妇健康可能是很重要的,这种抗氧化系统未来有可能可以用于先兆子痫的治疗。

但来自伦敦国王学院的Guillermina Girardi却表示了针对Suzuki等人采用的小鼠模型的担忧,指出啮齿动物不一定与人体相同,前者不知道是否存在异常的滋养层细胞侵入母体子宫,而这被认为是先兆子痫特征高血压出现的主要原因。

对此,Suzuki也承认他和他的同事使用的小鼠模型的局限性,但也强调在先兆子痫的其它小鼠模型中检测ROS的重要性,他说:“使用动物模型的研究总存在局限性,不可能在一篇论文中解释关于动物模型的一切,”他说,“但没有我们的小鼠模型,ROS对先兆子痫的这种改善作用也不会被发现。”

原始出处:

Masahiro Nezu1, Tomokazu Souma, et al. Nrf2 inactivation enhances placental angiogenesis in a preeclampsia mouse model and improves maternal and fetal outcomes. Sci. Signal.  16 May 2017: Vol. 10, Issue 479, eaam5711 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aam5711

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    2017-11-27 yaanren
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    2018-03-19 楚秀娟
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    2017-05-23 lsndxfj
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    2017-05-22 1881e9c2b1m

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-05-22 榄枷檬

    谢谢分享

    0

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