硬膜外脂肪瘤内痛风石形成致脊髓压迫症1例

2018-04-28 吕龙龙 中国骨伤

患者,男,38岁。因“双下肢麻木、无力1个月,加重5d”入院。

【一般资料】

患者,男,38岁。

【主诉】

因“双下肢麻木、无力1个月,加重5d”入院。

【现病史】

平车推入病房。T7、T8棘突压痛及叩击痛,伴双下肢放射痛,耻骨联合水平以下感觉减退;左下肢肌力(3+),右下肢肌力(3-),双下肢肌张力减弱,双上肢肌力5级,肌张力正常。右腕关节及右踝关节处肿胀明显,压痛阳性。双下肢直腿抬高试验及加强试验阴性。双侧Hoffmann征、克氏征阴性,双侧Babinski征阳性。实验室检查:血沉84mm/h,C-反应蛋白190mg/L。胸椎MRI平扫及增强(图1a,1b)影像:胸椎椎体及间盘未见明显异常。T6-T8椎体水平椎管后缘见条形或梭形等T1长及不均匀性稍长T2信号,压脂像呈高及低信号。增强见梭形强化,中间不均匀,相应水平硬膜囊后缘及脊髓受压,相应部位椎管继发性狭窄。

【既往史】

自诉痛风史10年,间歇口服药物治疗,原发性高血压病史。

【初步诊断

椎管内占位性病变(T6-T8椎体)痛风、原发性高血压

【辅助检查】

入院4d,患者出现双下肢膝关节肿胀,浮髌试验阳性,行双侧膝关节MRI检查示关节腔内液体量增多,行超声引导下关节穿刺术。入院6d,双膝关节穿刺抽液涂片检查回报:一般细菌涂片未查到细菌,结核菌涂片未查到抗酸杆菌。入院7d,复查血沉107mm/h,C-反应蛋白103mg/L,血尿酸正常(332滋mol/L)。详细询问病史,近日食用海产品后出现上述症状,不排除痛风发作可能性,嘱继续口服抗痛风药物。

【治疗】

入院11d,患者在全麻下行胸椎后路椎管内肿物切除减压术,剪除T6-T8棘突,开窗至两侧关节突内侧。术中见:脂肪样肿物位于硬膜外,与硬膜无明显粘连。肿物有明显包膜,呈淡黄褐色,分叶状,质韧,大小约0.8CM×1.0CM×3.0CM。术中快速病理:初步考虑脂肪瘤伴出血。术后病理送检为大量脂肪组织,呈瘤样增生伴出血,其内见痛风及其引发的肉芽肿(图1c)。免疫组化CD20,CD3,CD38,CD68,Ki-67,Bcl-2显示组织细胞和T细胞增生。术后给予脊柱外科常规治疗及抗痛风治疗,复查胸椎MRI(图1d,1e)示:T6-T8椎相应水平硬膜囊后缘及脊髓受压解除。术后1周,患者双下肢肌力恢复至4级,双侧膝关节、右侧腕、踝关节肿胀消退。术后2周,在助行器辅助下,下地活动,顺利出院。术后3个月复查:患者双下肢肌力恢复至5级,可脱离辅助器,自行活动。



【讨论】

痛风是单钠尿酸盐沉积于骨关节、肾脏和皮下等部位,引发的急、慢性炎症和组织损伤,与嘌呤代谢紊乱及(或)尿酸排泄减少所致的高尿酸血症直接相关。常与肥胖、糖脂代谢紊乱、高血压等聚集发生。痛风性关节炎最常累及的是第1跖趾关节,其次是足背、踝、膝等关节,中轴骨关节的痛风性关节炎,特别是脊柱,更是罕见。本例患者,痛风石被血管脂肪瘤包裹发生于胸椎管内硬膜外,合并出血,压迫硬脊膜,出现神经压迫症状,目前国内尚无报道。Yoon等认为,脊柱痛风石症状和体征的多样性及其影像学的不具特征性,使脊柱痛风石很难建立一个明确的诊断。双源CT双能量成像技术可明确显示尿酸盐结晶沉积,对于高度怀疑痛风患者,可首选此检查以明确诊断。而本例患者因长期服用抗痛风药物,血尿酸检测结果在正常范围,查体未见痛风结节,而且本例痛风石被血管脂肪瘤所包裹,影像学特征不典型,更降低了本例脊柱痛风石的明确诊断。因此,根据既往痛风病史,即使没有痛风性关节炎相应的阳性症状体征及辅助检查结果,也不能排除痛风石发生的可能。同样,一个痛风患者如果出现脊髓神经压迫症状,也不能忽视脊柱痛风石发生的可能。目前治疗椎管内痛风石的方法分为保守和手术两种。对于只有胸背部疼痛,无脊髓神经压迫症状的患者,急性期可应用秋水仙素、非甾体类药物等控制炎症、缓解疼痛,待症状缓解≥2周后,再规范进行降血尿酸治疗。冉兵等建议应维持血尿酸目标值<356滋mol/L。当出现神经压迫症状时,基本都主张手术治疗,早期行病灶清除、椎板切除减压内固定术。如有痛风性关节炎相关症状,可同时应用抗痛风药物。为取得满意治疗效果,本例术前嘱患者继续口服抗通风类药物,控制血尿酸在目标值范围内,待患者双膝关节肿胀消退后,择期手术治疗。严宁等认为对于胸椎管内的痛风石,因为胸廓有支撑作用,胸椎后路减压不一定需要内固定。结合本例患者,痛风石位于胸椎管内,同时未累计关节突关节,予单纯行胸椎后路椎管内肿物切除减压术,未给予内固定。同时,术后嘱患者继续口服抗痛风药物。在后期随访中,患者腰背部活动时未诉明显不适,恢复良好。

原始出处:

吕龙龙. 硬膜外脂肪瘤内痛风石形成致脊髓压迫症1例[J]. 中国骨伤, 2018, 31(3):279-280.

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1937148, encodeId=a1a1193e148b6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c06ae363256' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#硬膜外#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73632, encryptionId=c06ae363256, topicName=硬膜外)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3b172500206, createdName=12498ebem19暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat May 05 13:13:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=314210, encodeId=fa2c31421006, content=非常有用.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/PiajxSqBRaELCAs1uRBgDoWqJaBltta2Y7fTibyM6wYf94osSMg5CCm9oy7JrdcXPqh1DrCdn5IxO4BE8ZLEiaQXQ/0, createdBy=978a1675334, createdName=xiaogan8479, createdTime=Fri May 11 20:22:59 CST 2018, time=2018-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1316096, encodeId=f713131609601, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c573e1174d0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痛风石#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71174, encryptionId=c573e1174d0, topicName=痛风石)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cfab443, createdName=saikp, createdTime=Mon Apr 30 08:13:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1384778, encodeId=3d911384e7899, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27348436847' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂肪瘤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84368, encryptionId=27348436847, topicName=脂肪瘤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=afdf491, createdName=lilili1104, createdTime=Mon Apr 30 08:13:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1937148, encodeId=a1a1193e148b6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c06ae363256' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#硬膜外#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73632, encryptionId=c06ae363256, topicName=硬膜外)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3b172500206, createdName=12498ebem19暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat May 05 13:13:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=314210, encodeId=fa2c31421006, content=非常有用.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/PiajxSqBRaELCAs1uRBgDoWqJaBltta2Y7fTibyM6wYf94osSMg5CCm9oy7JrdcXPqh1DrCdn5IxO4BE8ZLEiaQXQ/0, createdBy=978a1675334, createdName=xiaogan8479, createdTime=Fri May 11 20:22:59 CST 2018, time=2018-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1316096, encodeId=f713131609601, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c573e1174d0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痛风石#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71174, encryptionId=c573e1174d0, topicName=痛风石)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cfab443, createdName=saikp, createdTime=Mon Apr 30 08:13:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1384778, encodeId=3d911384e7899, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27348436847' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂肪瘤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84368, encryptionId=27348436847, topicName=脂肪瘤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=afdf491, createdName=lilili1104, createdTime=Mon Apr 30 08:13:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-05-11 xiaogan8479

    非常有用.谢谢分享

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1937148, encodeId=a1a1193e148b6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c06ae363256' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#硬膜外#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73632, encryptionId=c06ae363256, topicName=硬膜外)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3b172500206, createdName=12498ebem19暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat May 05 13:13:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=314210, encodeId=fa2c31421006, content=非常有用.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/PiajxSqBRaELCAs1uRBgDoWqJaBltta2Y7fTibyM6wYf94osSMg5CCm9oy7JrdcXPqh1DrCdn5IxO4BE8ZLEiaQXQ/0, createdBy=978a1675334, createdName=xiaogan8479, createdTime=Fri May 11 20:22:59 CST 2018, time=2018-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1316096, encodeId=f713131609601, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c573e1174d0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痛风石#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71174, encryptionId=c573e1174d0, topicName=痛风石)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cfab443, createdName=saikp, createdTime=Mon Apr 30 08:13:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1384778, encodeId=3d911384e7899, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27348436847' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂肪瘤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84368, encryptionId=27348436847, topicName=脂肪瘤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=afdf491, createdName=lilili1104, createdTime=Mon Apr 30 08:13:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-30 saikp
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1937148, encodeId=a1a1193e148b6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c06ae363256' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#硬膜外#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73632, encryptionId=c06ae363256, topicName=硬膜外)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3b172500206, createdName=12498ebem19暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat May 05 13:13:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=314210, encodeId=fa2c31421006, content=非常有用.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/PiajxSqBRaELCAs1uRBgDoWqJaBltta2Y7fTibyM6wYf94osSMg5CCm9oy7JrdcXPqh1DrCdn5IxO4BE8ZLEiaQXQ/0, createdBy=978a1675334, createdName=xiaogan8479, createdTime=Fri May 11 20:22:59 CST 2018, time=2018-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1316096, encodeId=f713131609601, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c573e1174d0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痛风石#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71174, encryptionId=c573e1174d0, topicName=痛风石)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cfab443, createdName=saikp, createdTime=Mon Apr 30 08:13:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1384778, encodeId=3d911384e7899, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27348436847' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂肪瘤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84368, encryptionId=27348436847, topicName=脂肪瘤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=afdf491, createdName=lilili1104, createdTime=Mon Apr 30 08:13:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

AJOG:延长第二产程时间,可降低剖宫产率

当前美国的剖宫产率约为30%左右,中国的剖宫产率远远超过该数值,尤其是现在二胎开放,前次剖宫产女性再次妊娠,选择再次剖宫产的概率十分大。而剖宫产会给女性带来很多并发症。因此,降低剖宫产率志在必行。发表在美国妇产科杂志的研究称,硬膜外麻醉的孕妇分娩时将第二产程上限设定为4小时(而不是3小时),可降低55%的剖宫产率。来自托马斯杰斐逊大学的研究人员对硬膜外麻醉的孕妇进行了一项研究,将第二产程时间设定为